BP

GO:0000186

activation of MAPKK activity

The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK).

ISS

BP

GO:0002248

connective tissue replacement involved in inflammatory response wound healing

The series of events leading to growth of connective tissue when loss of tissues that are incapable of regeneration occurs, or when fibrinous exudate cannot be adequately cleared that contribute to an inflammatory response.

IDA

BP

GO:0003105

negative regulation of glomerular filtration

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular filtration. Glomerular filtration is the processs whereby blood is filtered by the glomerulus into the renal tubule.

ISS

BP

GO:0006919

activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process

Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme cysteine-type endopeptidase in the context of an apoptotic process.

IDA

BP

GO:0006954

inflammatory response

The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.

ISS

BP

GO:0007186

G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway

A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane (PMID:24568158 and PMID:16902576).

ISS

BP

GO:0007200

phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of phospholipase C (PLC) and a subsequent increase in the concentration of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG).

IDA

BP

GO:0007204

positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol.

ISS

BP

GO:0007205

protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC is activated by second messengers including diacylglycerol (DAG).

ISS

BP

GO:0007260

tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein

The process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein.

IDA

BP

GO:0007262

STAT protein import into nucleus

The directed movement of dimerized STAT (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) proteins into the nucleus following activation by members of the janus activated kinase (JAK) family of tyrosine kinases.

IDA

BP

GO:0007529

establishment of synaptic specificity at neuromuscular junction

The biological process in which a synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle is initially formed.

ISS

BP

GO:0007596

blood coagulation

The sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot; it may be divided into three stages: stage 1, the formation of intrinsic and extrinsic prothrombin converting principle; stage 2, the formation of thrombin; stage 3, the formation of stable fibrin polymers.

TAS

BP

GO:0008284

positive regulation of cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

ISS

BP

GO:0008285

negative regulation of cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

IDA

BP

GO:0009611

response to wounding

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism.

IDA

BP

GO:0009653

anatomical structure morphogenesis

The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.

TAS

BP

GO:0014068

positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade.

ISS

BP

GO:0030168

platelet activation

A series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue. These events include shape change, adhesiveness, aggregation, and release reactions. When carried through to completion, these events lead to the formation of a stable hemostatic plug.

IDA|TAS

BP

GO:0030193

regulation of blood coagulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation.

IDA

BP

GO:0030194

positive regulation of blood coagulation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation.

IDA

BP

GO:0030335

positive regulation of cell migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.

IMP

BP

GO:0032496

response to lipopolysaccharide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria.

ISS

BP

GO:0032651

regulation of interleukin-1 beta production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 beta production.

ISS

BP

GO:0032967

positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals.

IDA

BP

GO:0035025

positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction.

ISS

BP

GO:0043123

positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.

IEP

BP

GO:0043280

positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the activity of a cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in the apoptotic process.

IDA

BP

GO:0043410

positive regulation of MAPK cascade

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPK cascade.

IDA

BP

GO:0043524

negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.

ISS

BP

GO:0045893

positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

IDA

BP

GO:0045907

positive regulation of vasoconstriction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vasoconstriction.

ISS

BP

GO:0045987

positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction.

ISS

BP

GO:0046427

positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway activity.

IDA

BP

GO:0048873

homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue

Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of cells within a population of cells in a tissue.

ISS

BP

GO:0051209

release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol

The process in which calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus or mitochondria are released into the cytosolic compartment.

ISS

BP

GO:0051281

positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria.

IDA

BP

GO:0051482

positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration involved in phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled signaling pathway

Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol that occurs as part of a PLC-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway. G-protein-activated PLC hydrolyses phosphatidylinositol-bisphosphate (PIP2) to release diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3). IP3 then binds to calcium release channels in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to trigger calcium ion release into the cytosol.

ISS

BP

GO:0051928

positive regulation of calcium ion transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.

ISS

BP

GO:0051930

regulation of sensory perception of pain

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the sensory perception of pain, the series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal.

ISS

BP

GO:0060155

platelet dense granule organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a platelet dense granule. A platelet dense granule is an electron-dense granule occurring in blood platelets that stores and secretes adenosine nucleotides and serotonin. They contain a highly condensed core consisting of serotonin, histamine, calcium, magnesium, ATP, ADP, pyrophosphate and membrane lysosomal proteins.

IC

BP

GO:0070374

positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade.

ISS

BP

GO:0070493

thrombin receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a thrombin receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.

IEA

BP

GO:1900134

negative regulation of renin secretion into blood stream

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of renin secretion into blood stream.

ISS

BP

GO:2000484

positive regulation of interleukin-8 secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-8 secretion.

IDA

BP

GO:2000778

positive regulation of interleukin-6 secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-6 secretion.

IDA

CC

GO:0005576

extracellular region

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

TAS

CC

GO:0005769

early endosome

A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways.

IDA

CC

GO:0005770

late endosome

A prelysosomal endocytic organelle differentiated from early endosomes by lower lumenal pH and different protein composition. Late endosomes are more spherical than early endosomes and are mostly juxtanuclear, being concentrated near the microtubule organizing center.

IDA

CC

GO:0005794

Golgi apparatus

A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.

TAS

CC

GO:0005886

plasma membrane

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

IDA|TAS

CC

GO:0005887

integral component of plasma membrane

The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

TAS

CC

GO:0005901

caveola

A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm.

IDA

CC

GO:0009986

cell surface

The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.

IDA

CC

GO:0031094

platelet dense tubular network

A network of membrane-bounded compartments found in blood platelets, where they regulate platelet activation by sequestering or releasing calcium. The dense tubular network exists as thin elongated membranes in resting platelets, and undergoes a major ultrastructural change, to a rounded vesicular form, upon addition of thrombin.

IDA

CC

GO:0031594

neuromuscular junction

The junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. In response to the arrival of action potentials, the presynaptic button releases molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane of the muscle fiber, leading to a change in post-synaptic potential.

ISS

CC

GO:0045211

postsynaptic membrane

A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.

ISS

MF

GO:0001965

G-protein alpha-subunit binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a G-protein alpha subunit. The alpha subunit binds a guanine nucleotide.

ISS

MF

GO:0004930

G-protein coupled receptor activity

Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.

ISS|TAS

MF

GO:0005102

receptor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.

IPI

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0015057

thrombin receptor activity

Combining with thrombin to initiate a G-protein mediated change in cell activity. A G-protein is a signal transduction molecule that alternates between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound state.

IDA

MF

GO:0031681

G-protein beta-subunit binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a G-protein beta subunit.

ISS