BP

GO:0008272

sulfate transport

The directed movement of sulfate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.

IDA

BP

GO:0015701

bicarbonate transport

The directed movement of bicarbonate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.

IBA

BP

GO:0019532

oxalate transport

The directed movement of oxalate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Oxalate, or ethanedioic acid, occurs in many plants and is highly toxic to animals.

IEA

BP

GO:0042391

regulation of membrane potential

Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.

IBA

BP

GO:0051453

regulation of intracellular pH

Any process that modulates the internal pH of a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.

IBA

BP

GO:1902358

sulfate transmembrane transport

The directed movement of sulfate across a membrane.

IEA

BP

GO:1902476

chloride transmembrane transport

The directed movement of chloride across a membrane.

IBA

CC

GO:0005654

nucleoplasm

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

IDA

CC

GO:0005765

lysosomal membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding the lysosome and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm.

IDA

CC

GO:0005783

endoplasmic reticulum

The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).

IDA

CC

GO:0005794

Golgi apparatus

A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.

IDA

CC

GO:0005886

plasma membrane

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

IDA

CC

GO:0005887

integral component of plasma membrane

The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

IBA

CC

GO:0016021

integral component of membrane

The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

IDA

CC

GO:0043231

intracellular membrane-bounded organelle

Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane.

IDA

CC

GO:0070062

extracellular exosome

A membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

IDA

MF

GO:0005254

chloride channel activity

Enables the facilitated diffusion of a chloride (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.

IBA

MF

GO:0008271

secondary active sulfate transmembrane transporter activity

Catalysis of the secondary active transfer of sulfate from one side of the membrane to the other. Secondary active transport is catalysis of the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport.

IEA

MF

GO:0008509

anion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a negatively charged ion from one side of a membrane to the other.

IDA

MF

GO:0015106

bicarbonate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of bicarbonate from one side of a membrane to the other. Bicarbonate is the hydrogencarbonate ion, HCO3-.

IBA

MF

GO:0015116

sulfate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of sulfate ions, SO4(2-), from one side of a membrane to the other.

IBA

MF

GO:0015301

anion:anion antiporter activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: anion A(out) + anion B(in) = anion A(in) + anion B(out).

IBA

MF

GO:0019531

oxalate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of oxalate from one side of the membrane to the other. Oxalate, or ethanedioic acid, occurs in many plants and is highly toxic to animals.

IBA