BP

GO:0001707

mesoderm formation

The process that gives rise to the mesoderm. This process pertains to the initial formation of the structure from unspecified parts.

IEA

BP

GO:0006886

intracellular protein transport

The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell.

IMP

BP

GO:0009948

anterior/posterior axis specification

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the anterior/posterior axis. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism.

ISS

BP

GO:0016055

Wnt signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.

ISS|TAS

BP

GO:0030177

positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt signal transduction.

IMP

BP

GO:0030901

midbrain development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the midbrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The midbrain is the middle division of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes a ventral part containing the cerebral peduncles and a dorsal tectum containing the corpora quadrigemina and that surrounds the aqueduct of Sylvius connecting the third and fourth ventricles).

IEA

BP

GO:0030902

hindbrain development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hindbrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hindbrain is the posterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain, or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata and controls the autonomic functions and equilibrium).

IEA

BP

GO:0031017

exocrine pancreas development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the exocrine pancreas over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The exocrine pancreas produces and store zymogens of digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsinogen and trypsinogen in the acinar cells.

IEA

BP

GO:0043123

positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.

ISS

BP

GO:0061355

Wnt protein secretion

The controlled release of a Wnt protein from a cell.

IMP

BP

GO:0061357

positive regulation of Wnt protein secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a Wnt protein from a cell.

IMP|ISS

BP

GO:0090263

positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.

IMP

CC

GO:0000139

Golgi membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus.

TAS

CC

GO:0005769

early endosome

A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways.

IDA

CC

GO:0005789

endoplasmic reticulum membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum.

IEA

CC

GO:0005794

Golgi apparatus

A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.

IDA

CC

GO:0005802

trans-Golgi network

The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located within the Golgi apparatus on the side distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination.

IDA

CC

GO:0005886

plasma membrane

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

IDA|TAS

CC

GO:0016021

integral component of membrane

The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

IEA

CC

GO:0016023

cytoplasmic, membrane-bounded vesicle

A membrane-bounded vesicle found in the cytoplasm of the cell.

IDA

CC

GO:0030666

endocytic vesicle membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding an endocytic vesicle.

TAS

CC

GO:0031901

early endosome membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding an early endosome.

TAS

CC

GO:0032590

dendrite membrane

The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a dendrite.

IEA

CC

GO:0032839

dendrite cytoplasm

All of the contents of a dendrite, excluding the surrounding plasma membrane.

IEA

CC

GO:0070062

extracellular exosome

A membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

TAS

MF

GO:0004871

signal transducer activity

Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.

ISS

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0017147

Wnt-protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Wnt-protein, a secreted growth factor involved in signaling.

IPI|ISS

MF

GO:0031852

mu-type opioid receptor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a mu-type opioid receptor.

IEA