BP

GO:0000422

mitophagy

The autophagic process in which mitochondria are delivered to the vacuole and degraded in response to changing cellular conditions.

IMP

BP

GO:0001934

positive regulation of protein phosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.

IDA

BP

GO:0002082

regulation of oxidative phosphorylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis.

IDA

BP

GO:0006468

protein phosphorylation

The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.

IDA|IMP|TAS

BP

GO:0006511

ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein.

TAS

BP

GO:0006950

response to stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation).

IDA

BP

GO:0006979

response to oxidative stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals.

IGI

BP

GO:0007005

mitochondrion organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components.

IMP

BP

GO:0010310

regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen peroxide.

IEA

BP

GO:0010629

negative regulation of gene expression

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.

ISS

BP

GO:0010821

regulation of mitochondrion organization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion.

IMP

BP

GO:0010952

positive regulation of peptidase activity

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins.

TAS

BP

GO:0016050

vesicle organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vesicle.

IMP

BP

GO:0016236

macroautophagy

The major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane-bounded autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane-bounded structure. Autophagosomes then fuse with a lysosome (or vacuole) releasing single-membrane-bounded autophagic bodies that are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). Though once thought to be a purely non-selective process, it appears that some types of macroautophagy, e.g. macropexophagy, macromitophagy, may involve selective targeting of the targets to be degraded.

TAS

BP

GO:0016239

positive regulation of macroautophagy

Any process, such as recognition of nutrient depletion, that activates or increases the rate of macroautophagy to bring cytosolic macromolecules to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation.

IMP

BP

GO:0016242

negative regulation of macroautophagy

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macroautophagy.

IMP

BP

GO:0016310

phosphorylation

The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.

NAS

BP

GO:0016567

protein ubiquitination

The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein.

IMP

BP

GO:0018105

peptidyl-serine phosphorylation

The phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine.

IDA|ISS|TAS

BP

GO:0022904

respiratory electron transport chain

A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.

IEA

BP

GO:0031396

regulation of protein ubiquitination

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of ubiquitin groups to a protein.

IDA|IMP

BP

GO:0031398

positive regulation of protein ubiquitination

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of ubiquitin groups to a protein.

ISS

BP

GO:0032148

activation of protein kinase B activity

Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme protein kinase B.

IC

BP

GO:0032226

positive regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter dopamine.

IEA

BP

GO:0033138

positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine.

IDA|IMP|TAS

BP

GO:0033603

positive regulation of dopamine secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine.

IEA

BP

GO:0034599

cellular response to oxidative stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals.

IMP

BP

GO:0035307

positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a protein.

IEA

BP

GO:0035556

intracellular signal transduction

The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell.

IDA

BP

GO:0036289

peptidyl-serine autophosphorylation

The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own serine amino acid residues, or a serine residue on an identical protein.

IMP|TAS

BP

GO:0038203

TORC2 signaling

A series of intracellular molecular signals mediated by TORC2; TOR (rapamycin-insensitive companion of TOR) in complex with at least Rictor (regulatory-associated protein of TOR), or orthologs of, and other signaling components.

IC

BP

GO:0043123

positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.

IDA

BP

GO:0043254

regulation of protein complex assembly

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex assembly.

IDA

BP

GO:0043524

negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.

IMP

BP

GO:0045727

positive regulation of translation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA.

IEA

BP

GO:0046329

negative regulation of JNK cascade

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade.

TAS

BP

GO:0050821

protein stabilization

Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation.

IMP

BP

GO:0051091

positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.

IEA

BP

GO:0051443

positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein transferase activity

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of ubiquitin transferase activity.

TAS

BP

GO:0051881

regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential

Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of the mitochondrial membrane potential, the electric potential existing across the mitochondrial membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.

IGI|IMP

BP

GO:0051897

positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase B signaling, a series of reactions mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B.

IC

BP

GO:0061136

regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome.

NAS

BP

GO:0071456

cellular response to hypoxia

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.

IMP

BP

GO:0072655

establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion

The directed movement of a protein to the mitochondrion or a part of the mitochondrion.

IMP

BP

GO:0072656

maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion

Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location in a mitochondrion, and is prevented from moving elsewhere.

IMP

BP

GO:0090141

positive regulation of mitochondrial fission

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of mitochondrial fission. Mitochondrial fission is the division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments.

IBA

BP

GO:0090200

positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, the process in which cytochrome c is enabled to move from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is an early step in apoptosis and leads to caspase activation.

IMP

BP

GO:0090258

negative regulation of mitochondrial fission

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of mitochondrial fission. Mitochondrial fission is the division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments.

IMP

BP

GO:0097237

cellular response to toxic substance

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus.

TAS

BP

GO:0098779

mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization

The macromitophagy process that is triggered by a detection of the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential.

IMP

BP

GO:1900407

regulation of cellular response to oxidative stress

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to oxidative stress.

IMP

BP

GO:1901727

positive regulation of histone deacetylase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of histone deacetylase activity.

IEA

BP

GO:1902803

regulation of synaptic vesicle transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle transport.

TAS

BP

GO:1902902

negative regulation of autophagosome assembly

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of autophagosome assembly.

IMP

BP

GO:1902958

positive regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone.

TAS

BP

GO:1903146

regulation of mitophagy

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrion degradation (mitophagy).

TAS

BP

GO:1903147

negative regulation of mitophagy

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrion degradation (mitophagy).

IMP

BP

GO:1903202

negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced cell death

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oxidative stress-induced cell death.

IDA

BP

GO:1903204

negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron death

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oxidative stress-induced neuron death.

TAS

BP

GO:1903214

regulation of protein targeting to mitochondrion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein targeting to mitochondrion.

IDA|IGI|IMP

BP

GO:1903298

negative regulation of hypoxia-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hypoxia-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.

IEA

BP

GO:1903384

negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a hydrogen peroxide-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.

IDA|IMP

BP

GO:1903751

negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hydrogen peroxide

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hydrogen peroxide.

IDA

BP

GO:1903852

positive regulation of cristae formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cristae formation.

IMP

BP

GO:1903955

positive regulation of protein targeting to mitochondrion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein targeting to mitochondrion.

IMP

BP

GO:1904544

positive regulation of free ubiquitin chain polymerization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of free ubiquitin chain polymerization.

ISS

BP

GO:2000377

regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process.

IGI|IMP

BP

GO:2000378

negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process.

IMP

BP

GO:2001171

positive regulation of ATP biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ATP biosynthetic process.

TAS

CC

GO:0000151

ubiquitin ligase complex

A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity. The complex also contains other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex.

ISS

CC

GO:0000785

chromatin

The ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome.

IDA

CC

GO:0005634

nucleus

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

IDA

CC

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

IDA

CC

GO:0005739

mitochondrion

A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.

IDA|IGI|IMP

CC

GO:0005741

mitochondrial outer membrane

The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope.

IDA|IMP|TAS

CC

GO:0005742

mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex

A large complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane that mediates transport of proteins into all mitochondrial compartments.

IMP

CC

GO:0005743

mitochondrial inner membrane

The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae.

IDA

CC

GO:0005758

mitochondrial intermembrane space

The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the mitochondrial envelope.

IDA|TAS

CC

GO:0005829

cytosol

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

IDA|TAS

CC

GO:0005856

cytoskeleton

Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles.

IDA

CC

GO:0016020

membrane

A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.

IDA

CC

GO:0030424

axon

The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.

IDA

CC

GO:0031307

integral component of mitochondrial outer membrane

The component of the mitochondrial outer membrane consisting of the gene products having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

IDA

CC

GO:0031932

TORC2 complex

A protein complex that contains at least TOR (target of rapamycin) and Rictor (rapamycin-insensitive companion of TOR), or orthologs of, in complex with other signaling components. Mediates the phosphorylation and activation of PKB (also called AKT). In Saccharomyces, the complex contains Avo1p, Avo2p, Tsc11p, Lst8p, Bit61p, Slm1p, Slm2p, and Tor2p.

IPI

CC

GO:0044297

cell body

The portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections.

IDA

CC

GO:0048471

perinuclear region of cytoplasm

Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.

IDA

CC

GO:0097413

Lewy body

Cytoplasmic, spherical inclusion commonly found in damaged neurons, and composed of abnormally phosphorylated, neurofilament proteins aggregated with ubiquitin and alpha-synuclein.

TAS

CC

GO:0097449

astrocyte projection

A prolongation or process extending from the soma of an astrocyte and wrapping around neurons.

IDA

MF

GO:0000287

magnesium ion binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions.

IDA

MF

GO:0002020

protease binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protease or peptidase.

IPI|TAS

MF

GO:0004672

protein kinase activity

Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.

IMP

MF

GO:0004674

protein serine/threonine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.

IDA|ISS|TAS

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0005524

ATP binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.

IDA

MF

GO:0010857

calcium-dependent protein kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP. This reaction requires the presence of calcium.

IDA

MF

GO:0016301

kinase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.

IDA|NAS

MF

GO:0016504

peptidase activator activity

Binds to and increases the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds.

TAS

MF

GO:0031625

ubiquitin protein ligase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins.

IPI

MF

GO:0043422

protein kinase B binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with protein kinase B, an intracellular kinase that is important in regulating glucose metabolism.

IDA

MF

GO:0055131

C3HC4-type RING finger domain binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a C3HC4-type zinc finger domain of a protein. The C3HC4-type zinc finger is a variant of RING finger, is a cysteine-rich domain of 40 to 60 residues that coordinates two zinc ions, and has the consensus sequence: C-X2-C-X(9-39)-C-X(1-3)-H-X(2-3)-C-X2-C-X(4-48)-C-X2-C, where X is any amino acid. Many proteins containing a C3HC4-type RING finger play a key role in the ubiquitination pathway.

IPI