BP

GO:0007165

signal transduction

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

IEA

BP

GO:0035023

regulation of Rho protein signal transduction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction.

IEA

BP

GO:0035767

endothelial cell chemotaxis

The directed movement of an endothelial cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).

ISS

BP

GO:0043065

positive regulation of apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.

TAS

BP

GO:0043123

positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.

IMP

BP

GO:0043547

positive regulation of GTPase activity

Any process that activates or increases the activity of a GTPase.

IEA

BP

GO:0051056

regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction.

TAS

CC

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

ISS

CC

GO:0005829

cytosol

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

TAS

CC

GO:0005886

plasma membrane

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

IEA

CC

GO:0005911

cell-cell junction

A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals.

ISS

CC

GO:0030027

lamellipodium

A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments.

ISS

CC

GO:0030139

endocytic vesicle

A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance. Endocytic vesicles fuse with early endosomes to deliver the cargo for further sorting.

ISS

CC

GO:0048471

perinuclear region of cytoplasm

Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.

IEA

MF

GO:0004871

signal transducer activity

Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.

IMP

MF

GO:0005085

guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity

Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase.

TAS

MF

GO:0005089

Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity

Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase.

TAS