BP

GO:0000086

G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle

The mitotic cell cycle transition by which a cell in G2 commits to M phase. The process begins when the kinase activity of M cyclin/CDK complex reaches a threshold high enough for the cell cycle to proceed. This is accomplished by activating a positive feedback loop that results in the accumulation of unphosphorylated and active M cyclin/CDK complex.

TAS

BP

GO:0001934

positive regulation of protein phosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.

IMP

BP

GO:0006281

DNA repair

The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway.

TAS

BP

GO:0006364

rRNA processing

Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules.

TAS

BP

GO:0006468

protein phosphorylation

The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.

IDA|ISS

BP

GO:0006897

endocytosis

A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle.

IBA

BP

GO:0007020

microtubule nucleation

The process in which tubulin alpha-beta heterodimers begin aggregation to form an oligomeric tubulin structure (a microtubule seed). Microtubule nucleation is the initiating step in the formation of a microtubule in the absence of any existing microtubules ('de novo' microtubule formation).

IMP

BP

GO:0007030

Golgi organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the Golgi apparatus.

IMP

BP

GO:0007165

signal transduction

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

TAS

BP

GO:0008360

regulation of cell shape

Any process that modulates the surface configuration of a cell.

IBA

BP

GO:0016055

Wnt signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.

IEA

BP

GO:0018105

peptidyl-serine phosphorylation

The phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine.

IDA

BP

GO:0032436

positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome.

ISS

BP

GO:0032922

circadian regulation of gene expression

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression such that an expression pattern recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.

ISS

BP

GO:0034067

protein localization to Golgi apparatus

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the Golgi apparatus.

IMP

BP

GO:0035058

nonmotile primary cilium assembly

The assembly of a primary cilium which contains a variable array of axonemal microtubules but does not contain molecular motors. Nonmotile primary cilia are found on many different cell types and function as sensory organelles that concentrate and organize sensory signaling molecules.

IMP

BP

GO:0042752

regulation of circadian rhythm

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm. A circadian rhythm is a biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.

ISS

BP

GO:0048208

COPII vesicle coating

The addition of COPII proteins and adaptor proteins to ER membranes during the formation of transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat.

TAS

BP

GO:0051225

spindle assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle, the array of microtubules and associated molecules that serves to move duplicated chromosomes apart.

IDA

BP

GO:0061512

protein localization to cilium

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a cilium.

IMP

BP

GO:0071539

protein localization to centrosome

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the centrosome.

IMP

BP

GO:0090263

positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.

IMP

BP

GO:0098609

cell-cell adhesion

The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules.

IEA

BP

GO:1905426

positive regulation of Wnt-mediated midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt signaling pathway involved in midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation.

IC

BP

GO:1990090

cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus

A process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nerve growth factor stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:2000052

positive regulation of non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of non-canonical Wnt-activated signaling pathway.

ISS

CC

GO:0000139

Golgi membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus.

IEA

CC

GO:0005634

nucleus

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

IBA|ISS

CC

GO:0005654

nucleoplasm

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

TAS

CC

GO:0005794

Golgi apparatus

A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.

IDA

CC

GO:0005813

centrosome

A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle.

IDA

CC

GO:0005819

spindle

The array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during mitosis or meiosis and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart.

IDA

CC

GO:0005829

cytosol

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

TAS

CC

GO:0005876

spindle microtubule

Any microtubule that is part of a mitotic or meiotic spindle; anchored at one spindle pole.

IDA

CC

GO:0005886

plasma membrane

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

IDA

CC

GO:0005913

cell-cell adherens junction

An adherens junction which connects a cell to another cell.

IDA

CC

GO:0033116

endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi intermediate compartment system.

TAS

CC

GO:0043005

neuron projection

A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.

IEA

CC

GO:0048471

perinuclear region of cytoplasm

Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.

IDA

MF

GO:0001948

glycoprotein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (monosaccharide) residues. These also include proteoglycans.

IEA

MF

GO:0004672

protein kinase activity

Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.

IDA|ISS|TAS

MF

GO:0004674

protein serine/threonine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.

IDA|TAS

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0005524

ATP binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.

IEA

MF

GO:0042277

peptide binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with peptides, any of a group of organic compounds comprising two or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds.

IEA

MF

GO:0050321

tau-protein kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + tau-protein = ADP + O-phospho-tau-protein.

IEA

MF

GO:0098641

cadherin binding involved in cell-cell adhesion

Any cadherin binding that occurs as part of the process of cell-cell adhesion.

IDA