BP

GO:0006914

autophagy

The process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation.

IEA

BP

GO:0006954

inflammatory response

The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.

NAS

BP

GO:0007165

signal transduction

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

IPI

BP

GO:0007267

cell-cell signaling

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another. This process includes signal transduction in the receiving cell and, where applicable, release of a ligand and any processes that actively facilitate its transport and presentation to the receiving cell. Examples include signaling via soluble ligands, via cell adhesion molecules and via gap junctions.

TAS

BP

GO:0016310

phosphorylation

The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.

IDA

BP

GO:0030855

epithelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell, any of the cells making up an epithelium.

IEP

BP

GO:0033235

positive regulation of protein sumoylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of SUMO groups to a protein.

IEA

BP

GO:0035556

intracellular signal transduction

The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell.

NAS

BP

GO:0036010

protein localization to endosome

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an endosome.

IDA

BP

GO:0045087

innate immune response

Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.

IEA

BP

GO:0045321

leukocyte activation

A change in morphology and behavior of a leukocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.

NAS

CC

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

IC

CC

GO:0005829

cytosol

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

TAS

CC

GO:0016604

nuclear body

Extra-nucleolar nuclear domains usually visualized by confocal microscopy and fluorescent antibodies to specific proteins.

IEA

CC

GO:0045092

interleukin-18 receptor complex

A protein complex that binds interleukin-18; comprises an alpha and a beta subunit.

NAS

CC

GO:0045323

interleukin-1 receptor complex

A protein complex that binds interleukin-1; comprises an alpha and a beta subunit.

NAS

CC

GO:0048471

perinuclear region of cytoplasm

Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.

IEA

CC

GO:0070062

extracellular exosome

A membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

IDA

MF

GO:0004871

signal transducer activity

Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.

NAS

MF

GO:0005150

interleukin-1, Type I receptor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a Type I interleukin-1 receptor.

IEA

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0019900

kinase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group.

IPI

MF

GO:0031624

ubiquitin conjugating enzyme binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, any of the E2 proteins.

IEA

MF

GO:0031625

ubiquitin protein ligase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins.

IEA

MF

GO:0032183

SUMO binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the small ubiquitin-like protein SUMO.

IEA

MF

GO:0035325

Toll-like receptor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a Toll-like protein, a pattern recognition receptor that binds pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate an innate immune response.

IPI