BP

GO:0007565

female pregnancy

The set of physiological processes that allow an embryo or foetus to develop within the body of a female animal. It covers the time from fertilization of a female ovum by a male spermatozoon until birth.

IEA

BP

GO:0007612

learning

Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs as the result of experience.

IEA

BP

GO:0007614

short-term memory

The memory process that deals with the storage, retrieval and modification of information received a short time (up to about 30 minutes) ago. This type of memory is typically dependent on direct, transient effects of second messenger activation.

IEA

BP

GO:0008210

estrogen metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving estrogens, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics. Also found in plants.

IEA

BP

GO:0014070

response to organic cyclic compound

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0016036

cellular response to phosphate starvation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of phosphate.

IEA

BP

GO:0032259

methylation

The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule.

TAS

BP

GO:0032496

response to lipopolysaccharide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria.

IEA

BP

GO:0032502

developmental process

A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition.

IEA

BP

GO:0035814

negative regulation of renal sodium excretion

Any process that decreases the amount of sodium excreted in urine over a unit of time.

IEA

BP

GO:0042135

neurotransmitter catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell.

IEA

BP

GO:0042420

dopamine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline.

IEA

BP

GO:0042493

response to drug

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.

IEA

BP

GO:0045963

negative regulation of dopamine metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine.

IEA

BP

GO:0048265

response to pain

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pain stimulus. Pain stimuli cause activation of nociceptors, peripheral receptors for pain, include receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli.

IEA

BP

GO:0048609

multicellular organismal reproductive process

The process, occurring above the cellular level, that is pertinent to the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. This includes the integrated processes at the level of tissues and organs.

IEA

BP

GO:0048662

negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.

IEA

BP

GO:0050668

positive regulation of homocysteine metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving homocysteine.

IEA

BP

GO:0051930

regulation of sensory perception of pain

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the sensory perception of pain, the series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal.

IEA

CC

GO:0005739

mitochondrion

A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.

IEA

CC

GO:0005829

cytosol

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

TAS

CC

GO:0005886

plasma membrane

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

TAS

CC

GO:0016020

membrane

A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.

IDA

CC

GO:0016021

integral component of membrane

The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

IEA

CC

GO:0030424

axon

The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.

IEA

CC

GO:0043197

dendritic spine

A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including thin, stubby, mushroom, and branched, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity.

IEA

CC

GO:0044297

cell body

The portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections.

IEA

CC

GO:0045211

postsynaptic membrane

A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.

IEA

CC

GO:0070062

extracellular exosome

A membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

IDA

MF

GO:0000287

magnesium ion binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions.

IEA

MF

GO:0008168

methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule.

TAS

MF

GO:0008171

O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the oxygen atom of an acceptor molecule.

TAS

MF

GO:0016206

catechol O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol.

TAS