BP

GO:0000187

activation of MAPK activity

The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase (MAPK).

IDA

BP

GO:0001666

response to hypoxia

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.

IDA

BP

GO:0001988

positive regulation of heart rate involved in baroreceptor response to decreased systemic arterial blood pressure

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of heart contraction as a result of the baroreceptor response to decreased blood pressure.

IEA

BP

GO:0006811

ion transport

The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.

NAS

BP

GO:0006816

calcium ion transport

The directed movement of calcium (Ca) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.

IDA|IMP

BP

GO:0006874

cellular calcium ion homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions at the level of a cell.

IMP

BP

GO:0006897

endocytosis

A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle.

IEA

BP

GO:0007165

signal transduction

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

IDA

BP

GO:0007271

synaptic transmission, cholinergic

The process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse using the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

IBA

BP

GO:0007613

memory

The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task).

NAS

BP

GO:0008284

positive regulation of cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

IMP

BP

GO:0008306

associative learning

Learning by associating a stimulus (the cause) with a particular outcome (the effect).

IEA

BP

GO:0014061

regulation of norepinephrine secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of norepinephrine.

IEA

BP

GO:0030317

flagellated sperm motility

Any process involved in the controlled movement of a flagellated sperm cell.

IEA

BP

GO:0032094

response to food

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a food stimulus; food is anything which, when taken into the body, serves to nourish or build up the tissues or to supply body heat.

IEA

BP

GO:0032225

regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter dopamine.

IEA

BP

GO:0032691

negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 beta production.

IEA

BP

GO:0032715

negative regulation of interleukin-6 production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production.

IEA

BP

GO:0032720

negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production.

IDA|IMP

BP

GO:0034220

ion transmembrane transport

A process in which an ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.

IDA|IEA

BP

GO:0035094

response to nicotine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nicotine stimulus.

IDA

BP

GO:0035095

behavioral response to nicotine

Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a nicotine stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0042110

T cell activation

The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.

IEA

BP

GO:0042113

B cell activation

The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature B cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.

IEA

BP

GO:0042391

regulation of membrane potential

Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.

IEA

BP

GO:0045766

positive regulation of angiogenesis

Any process that activates or increases angiogenesis.

IMP

BP

GO:0048149

behavioral response to ethanol

Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of an ethanol stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0050728

negative regulation of inflammatory response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response.

IEA

BP

GO:0050890

cognition

The operation of the mind by which an organism becomes aware of objects of thought or perception; it includes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory.

IMP|NAS

BP

GO:0060112

generation of ovulation cycle rhythm

The process which controls the timing of the type of sexual cycle seen in female mammals.

IEA

BP

GO:0098655

cation transmembrane transport

A process in which a cation is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.

IEA

CC

GO:0005886

plasma membrane

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

IDA|TAS

CC

GO:0005892

acetylcholine-gated channel complex

A homo- or hetero-pentameric protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which ions may pass in response to acetylcholine binding.

IDA

CC

GO:0009897

external side of plasma membrane

The leaflet of the plasma membrane that faces away from the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface.

IEA

CC

GO:0016021

integral component of membrane

The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

NAS|IEA

CC

GO:0016324

apical plasma membrane

The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell.

IEA

CC

GO:0030054

cell junction

A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.

IEA

CC

GO:0030673

axolemma

The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding an axon; it is a specialized trilaminar random mosaic of protein molecules floating within a fluid matrix of highly mobile phospholipid molecules, 7-8 nm in thickness.

IEA

CC

GO:0045211

postsynaptic membrane

A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.

IEA

MF

GO:0001540

beta-amyloid binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with beta-amyloid peptide/protein and/or its precursor.

IPI

MF

GO:0004889

acetylcholine-activated cation-selective channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens upon binding acetylcholine.

IDA

MF

GO:0005230

extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.

IEA

MF

GO:0015276

ligand-gated ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.

TAS

MF

GO:0015464

acetylcholine receptor activity

Combining with acetylcholine and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.

IDA

MF

GO:0015643

toxic substance binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a toxic substance, a poisonous substance that causes damage to biological systems.

IDA

MF

GO:0017081

chloride channel regulator activity

Modulates the activity of a chloride channel.

IDA

MF

GO:0022848

acetylcholine-gated cation channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when acetylcholine has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.

IDA

MF

GO:0042166

acetylcholine binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with acetylcholine, an acetic acid ester of the organic base choline that functions as a neurotransmitter, released at the synapses of parasympathetic nerves and at neuromuscular junctions.

IDA

MF

GO:0042803

protein homodimerization activity

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.

IDA