BP

GO:0001843

neural tube closure

The last step in the formation of the neural tube, where the paired neural folds are brought together and fuse at the dorsal midline.

ISS

BP

GO:0003007

heart morphogenesis

The developmental process in which the heart is generated and organized. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.

ISS

BP

GO:0006915

apoptotic process

A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.

IDA

BP

GO:0006919

activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process

Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme cysteine-type endopeptidase in the context of an apoptotic process.

IDA

BP

GO:0007165

signal transduction

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

IEA

BP

GO:0008285

negative regulation of cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

IDA|IMP

BP

GO:0008360

regulation of cell shape

Any process that modulates the surface configuration of a cell.

IMP

BP

GO:0021575

hindbrain morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the hindbrain is generated and organized. The hindbrain is the region consisting of the medulla, pons and cerebellum. Areas of the hindbrain control motor and autonomic functions.

ISS

BP

GO:0030036

actin cytoskeleton organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.

ISS

BP

GO:0030336

negative regulation of cell migration

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.

IDA|IMP

BP

GO:0030900

forebrain development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the forebrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The forebrain is the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions).

ISS

BP

GO:0032956

regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.

IMP

BP

GO:0035024

negative regulation of Rho protein signal transduction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction.

IMP

BP

GO:0035307

positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a protein.

IDA

BP

GO:0043547

positive regulation of GTPase activity

Any process that activates or increases the activity of a GTPase.

IEA

BP

GO:0048041

focal adhesion assembly

The aggregation and bonding together of a set of components to form a focal adhesion, a complex of intracellular signaling and structural proteins that provides a structural link between the internal actin cytoskeleton and the ECM, and also function as a locus of signal transduction activity.

ISS

BP

GO:0051056

regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction.

TAS

BP

GO:0051497

negative regulation of stress fiber assembly

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly a stress fiber, a bundle of microfilaments and other proteins found in fibroblasts.

IDA

BP

GO:0051895

negative regulation of focal adhesion assembly

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of focal adhesion assembly, the establishment and maturation of focal adhesions.

IDA

BP

GO:1900119

positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of execution phase of apoptosis.

IDA

CC

GO:0005634

nucleus

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

IDA

CC

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

IDA

CC

GO:0005829

cytosol

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

IDA|TAS

CC

GO:0005901

caveola

A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm.

IDA

CC

GO:0005925

focal adhesion

Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments.

IDA

CC

GO:0030864

cortical actin cytoskeleton

The portion of the actin cytoskeleton, comprising filamentous actin and associated proteins, that lies just beneath the plasma membrane.

IDA

CC

GO:0032587

ruffle membrane

The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a ruffle.

IDA

MF

GO:0005096

GTPase activator activity

Binds to and increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP.

IDA|IMP|TAS

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0008289

lipid binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a lipid.

IEA

MF

GO:0042169

SH2 domain binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SH2 domain (Src homology 2) of a protein, a protein domain of about 100 amino-acid residues and belonging to the alpha + beta domain class.

IPI