BP

GO:0000122

negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.

IDA

BP

GO:0006366

transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter. Includes transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) and certain small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs).

ISS

BP

GO:0007500

mesodermal cell fate determination

The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a mesoderm cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.

TAS

BP

GO:0008285

negative regulation of cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

TAS

BP

GO:0009913

epidermal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epidermal cell, any of the cells making up the epidermis.

IEA

BP

GO:0010628

positive regulation of gene expression

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.

IGI

BP

GO:0010629

negative regulation of gene expression

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.

IGI

BP

GO:0014067

negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade.

IEA

BP

GO:0014740

negative regulation of muscle hyperplasia

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of muscle hyperplasia.

IEA

BP

GO:0019827

stem cell population maintenance

The process by which an organism or tissue maintains a population of stem cells of a single type. This can be achieved by a number of mechanisms: stem cell asymmetric division maintains stem cell numbers; stem cell symmetric division increases them; maintenance of a stem cell niche maintains the conditions for commitment to the stem cell fate for some types of stem cell; stem cells may arise de novo from other cell types.

ISS

BP

GO:0031077

post-embryonic camera-type eye development

The process occurring during the post-embryonic phase whose specific outcome is the progression of the camera-type eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

IEA

BP

GO:0032088

negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.

IDA

BP

GO:0032270

positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein, occurring at the level of an individual cell.

IMP

BP

GO:0034115

negative regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion.

IDA

BP

GO:0035019

somatic stem cell population maintenance

Any process by which an organism retains a population of somatic stem cells, undifferentiated cells in the embryo or adult which can undergo unlimited division and give rise to cell types of the body other than those of the germ-line.

TAS

BP

GO:0035166

post-embryonic hemopoiesis

The stages of blood cell formation that take place after completion of embryonic development.

IMP

BP

GO:0043154

negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in the apoptotic process.

IDA

BP

GO:0043551

regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to an inositol lipid at the 3' position of the inositol ring.

IEA

BP

GO:0045415

negative regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-8.

IDA

BP

GO:0045429

positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.

IMP

BP

GO:0045444

fat cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat.

ISS

BP

GO:0045595

regulation of cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation, the process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features.

ISS

BP

GO:0045892

negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

IDA

BP

GO:0045893

positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

ISS|NAS

BP

GO:0045944

positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.

IGI|IMP|ISS

BP

GO:0046985

positive regulation of hemoglobin biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hemoglobin, an oxygen carrying, conjugated protein containing four heme groups and globin.

IMP

BP

GO:0048662

negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.

IEA

BP

GO:0048679

regulation of axon regeneration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axon regeneration.

IEA

BP

GO:0048730

epidermis morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the epidermis are generated and organized. The epidermis is the outer epithelial layer of an animal, it may be a single layer that produces an extracellular material (e.g. the cuticle of arthropods) or a complex stratified squamous epithelium, as in the case of many vertebrate species.

IEA

BP

GO:0050728

negative regulation of inflammatory response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response.

TAS

BP

GO:0051247

positive regulation of protein metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein.

IGI

BP

GO:0051898

negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase B signaling, a series of reactions mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B.

IEA

BP

GO:0051973

positive regulation of telomerase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of telomerase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1).

IDA

BP

GO:0060070

canonical Wnt signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.

IEA

BP

GO:0060761

negative regulation of response to cytokine stimulus

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of a response to cytokine stimulus.

IDA

BP

GO:0070301

cellular response to hydrogen peroxide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0070373

negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade.

IEA

BP

GO:0071300

cellular response to retinoic acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a retinoic acid stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0071363

cellular response to growth factor stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus.

IDA

BP

GO:0071409

cellular response to cycloheximide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cycloheximide stimulus. Cycloheximide (actidione) is an antibiotic produced by some Streptomyces species which interferes with protein synthesis in eukaryotes.

IEA

BP

GO:0071499

cellular response to laminar fluid shear stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a laminar fluid shear stress stimulus. Laminar fluid flow is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is moving across a solid surface in parallel layers.

IMP

BP

GO:0090051

negative regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis. Cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis is the orderly movement of endothelial cells into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels contributing to the process of sprouting angiogenesis.

IDA

BP

GO:1901653

cellular response to peptide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:1904998

negative regulation of leukocyte adhesion to arterial endothelial cell

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte adhesion to arterial endothelial cell.

IGI

BP

GO:2000342

negative regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production.

IDA

BP

GO:2000679

positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription regulatory region DNA binding.

IEA

CC

GO:0000790

nuclear chromatin

The ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome in the nucleus.

IDA

CC

GO:0005654

nucleoplasm

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

IDA|TAS

CC

GO:0005719

nuclear euchromatin

The dispersed less dense form of chromatin in the interphase nucleus. It exists in at least two forms, a some being in the form of transcriptionally active chromatin which is the least condensed, while the rest is inactive euchromatin which is more condensed than active chromatin but less condensed than heterochromatin.

IEA

CC

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

IEA

CC

GO:0044798

nuclear transcription factor complex

A protein complex, located in the nucleus, that is capable of associating with DNA by direct binding, or via other DNA-binding proteins or complexes, and regulating transcription.

IEA

MF

GO:0000987

core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in cis with and relatively close to the core promoter. The transcribed region might be described as a gene, cistron, or operon.

IDA

MF

GO:0001010

transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor recruiting

The function of binding to a specific DNA sequence and recruiting another transcription factor to the DNA in order to modulate transcription. The recruited factor may bind DNA directly, or may be colocalized via protein-protein interactions.

ISS

MF

GO:0001047

core promoter binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the regulatory region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for the basal transcription machinery. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors.

IEA

MF

GO:0001077

transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in cis with and relatively close to a core promoter for RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) in order to activate or increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from the RNAP II promoter.

IMP

MF

GO:0001085

RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription by RNA polymerase II.

IPI|ISS

MF

GO:0001190

transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription factor, which may be a single protein or a complex, in order to increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. A protein binding transcription factor may or may not also interact with the template nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA) as well.

IDA

MF

GO:0001221

transcription cofactor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription cofactor, any protein involved in regulation of transcription via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other transcription regulatory proteins. Cofactors do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery.

IEA

MF

GO:0003700

transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex.

NAS

MF

GO:0008013

beta-catenin binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the beta subunit of the catenin complex.

IEA

MF

GO:0008270

zinc ion binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions.

NAS

MF

GO:0035014

phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulator activity

Modulates the activity of any of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks). Regulatory subunits can link a PI3K catalytic subunit to upstream signaling events and help position the catalytic subunits close to their lipid substrates.

IEA

MF

GO:0042826

histone deacetylase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the enzyme histone deacetylase.

IEA

MF

GO:0044212

transcription regulatory region DNA binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a DNA region that regulates the transcription of a region of DNA, which may be a gene, cistron, or operon. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors.

ISS