BP

GO:0000226

microtubule cytoskeleton organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins.

ISS

BP

GO:0001833

inner cell mass cell proliferation

The proliferation of cells in the inner cell mass.

IEA

BP

GO:0001834

trophectodermal cell proliferation

The proliferation of cells in the trophectoderm.

ISS

BP

GO:0006397

mRNA processing

Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide.

IEA

BP

GO:0007165

signal transduction

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

TAS

BP

GO:0008283

cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.

TAS

BP

GO:0008380

RNA splicing

The process of removing sections of the primary RNA transcript to remove sequences not present in the mature form of the RNA and joining the remaining sections to form the mature form of the RNA.

IEA

BP

GO:0010628

positive regulation of gene expression

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.

IMP

BP

GO:0021510

spinal cord development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the spinal cord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The spinal cord primarily conducts sensory and motor nerve impulses between the brain and the peripheral nervous tissues.

ISS

BP

GO:0030576

Cajal body organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of Cajal bodies, nuclear bodies that appear ultrastructurally as a tangle of coiled, electron-dense threads roughly 0.5 micrometers in diameter and are enriched in ribonucleoproteins, and certain general RNA polymerase II transcription factors.

IMP|ISS

BP

GO:0031641

regulation of myelination

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a myelin sheath around nerve axons.

ISS

BP

GO:0033120

positive regulation of RNA splicing

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of RNA splicing.

IMP

BP

GO:0042023

DNA endoreduplication

Regulated re-replication of DNA within a single cell cycle, resulting in an increased cell ploidy. An example of this process occurs in the synthesis of Drosophila salivary gland cell polytene chromosomes.

ISS

BP

GO:0042307

positive regulation of protein import into nucleus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of movement of proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.

IDA

BP

GO:0045927

positive regulation of growth

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism.

ISS

BP

GO:0061564

axon development

The progression of an axon over time. Covers axonogenesis (de novo generation of an axon) and axon regeneration (regrowth), as well as processes pertaining to the progression of the axon over time (fasciculation and defasciculation).

IMP|ISS

BP

GO:0071364

cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epidermal growth factor stimulus.

IDA

BP

GO:0071931

positive regulation of transcription involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

Any process that activates or increases transcription as part of the G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle.

IMP

BP

GO:1902742

apoptotic process involved in development

Any apoptotic process that is involved in anatomical structure development.

ISS

BP

GO:1990261

pre-mRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the unspliced pre-mRNA (pre-messenger RNA).

IMP

BP

GO:2000672

negative regulation of motor neuron apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron apoptotic process.

ISS

CC

GO:0005634

nucleus

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

IDA

CC

GO:0005654

nucleoplasm

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

IDA

CC

GO:0005730

nucleolus

A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome.

IDA

CC

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

IDA

CC

GO:0015030

Cajal body

A class of nuclear body, first seen after silver staining by Ramon y Cajal in 1903, enriched in small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, and certain general RNA polymerase II transcription factors; ultrastructurally, they appear as a tangle of coiled, electron-dense threads roughly 0.5 micrometers in diameter; involved in aspects of snRNP biogenesis; the protein coilin serves as a marker for Cajal bodies. Some argue that Cajal bodies are the sites for preassembly of transcriptosomes, unitary particles involved in transcription and processing of RNA.

IDA

CC

GO:0030424

axon

The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.

IBA|ISS

CC

GO:0030426

growth cone

The migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell axon or dendrite.

ISS

CC

GO:0032797

SMN complex

A protein complex that contains the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein and at least eight additional integral components, including the Gemin2-8 and Unrip proteins; the complex is found in the cytoplasm and in nuclear Gems, and is involved in spliceosomal snRNP assembly in the cytoplasm and in pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus.

IDA

CC

GO:0043025

neuronal cell body

The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.

ISS

CC

GO:0043204

perikaryon

The portion of the cell soma (cell body) that excludes the nucleus.

ISS

CC

GO:0048471

perinuclear region of cytoplasm

Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.

IEA

CC

GO:0097504

Gemini of coiled bodies

Nuclear bodies frequently found near or associated with Cajal bodies (also called coiled bodies or CBs). Gemini of coiled bodies, or 'gems', are similar in size and shape to CBs, and often indistinguishable under the microscope. Unlike CBs, gems do not contain small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs); they contain a protein called survivor of motor neurons (SMN) whose function relates to snRNP biogenesis. Gems are believed to assist CBs in snRNP biogenesis, and to play a role in the etiology of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).

IDA

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0008270

zinc ion binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions.

IEA

MF

GO:0030971

receptor tyrosine kinase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a receptor that possesses protein tyrosine kinase activity.

IEA

MF

GO:0031369

translation initiation factor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a translation initiation factor, any polypeptide factor involved in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation.

IPI