BP

GO:0001743

optic placode formation

The initial developmental process that will lead to the formation of an eye.

IBA

BP

GO:0001934

positive regulation of protein phosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.

IDA

BP

GO:0006915

apoptotic process

A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.

IEA

BP

GO:0007257

activation of JUN kinase activity

The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme JUN kinase (JNK).

IBA

BP

GO:0007368

determination of left/right symmetry

The establishment of an organism's body plan or part of an organism with respect to the left and right halves. The pattern can either be symmetric, such that the halves are mirror images, or asymmetric where the pattern deviates from this symmetry.

IBA

BP

GO:0008219

cell death

Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as apoptotic bodies). The cell corpse (or its fragments) may be engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo, but engulfment of whole cells should not be considered a strict criteria to define cell death as, under some circumstances, live engulfed cells can be released from phagosomes (see PMID:18045538).

IBA

BP

GO:0009950

dorsal/ventral axis specification

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism.

IBA

BP

GO:0010800

positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation. Peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation is the phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine.

NAS

BP

GO:0016055

Wnt signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.

TAS

BP

GO:0021797

forebrain anterior/posterior pattern specification

The creation of specific areas of progenitor domains along the anterior-posterior axis of the developing forebrain.

IBA

BP

GO:0021881

Wnt-activated signaling pathway involved in forebrain neuron fate commitment

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell that contributes to the commitment of a neuroblast to aneuronal fate. The neuron will reside in the forebrain.

IBA

BP

GO:0030178

negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway.

IDA

BP

GO:0030910

olfactory placode formation

The formation of a thickening of the neural ectoderm in the head region of the vertebrate embryo which develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity.

IBA

BP

GO:0031122

cytoplasmic microtubule organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures formed of microtubules and associated proteins in the cytoplasm of a cell.

IBA

BP

GO:0031398

positive regulation of protein ubiquitination

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of ubiquitin groups to a protein.

NAS

BP

GO:0032147

activation of protein kinase activity

Any process that initiates the activity of an inactive protein kinase.

IDA

BP

GO:0033138

positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine.

NAS

BP

GO:0034244

negative regulation of transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides, catalyzed by RNA polymerase II.

IBA

BP

GO:0035412

regulation of catenin import into nucleus

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the directed movement of a catenin protein from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.

IBA

BP

GO:0043161

proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome.

TAS

BP

GO:0043547

positive regulation of GTPase activity

Any process that activates or increases the activity of a GTPase.

IEA

BP

GO:0043623

cellular protein complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex, occurring at the level of an individual cell.

IDA

BP

GO:0045599

negative regulation of fat cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of adipocyte differentiation.

IBA

BP

GO:0045732

positive regulation of protein catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.

IC|IDA

BP

GO:0045893

positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

IMP

BP

GO:0046330

positive regulation of JNK cascade

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade.

ISS

BP

GO:0048048

embryonic eye morphogenesis

The process occurring in the embryo by which the anatomical structures of the post-embryonic eye are generated and organized.

IBA

BP

GO:0048320

axial mesoderm formation

The process that gives rise to the axial mesoderm. This process pertains to the initial formation of the structure from unspecified parts.

IBA

BP

GO:0051443

positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein transferase activity

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of ubiquitin transferase activity.

IMP

BP

GO:0055001

muscle cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a muscle cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Muscle cell development does not include the steps involved in committing an unspecified cell to the muscle cell fate.

IBA

BP

GO:0060070

canonical Wnt signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.

IC

BP

GO:0060272

embryonic skeletal joint morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of skeletal joints are generated and organized during the embryonic phase. A skeletal joint is the connecting structure between the bones of the skeleton.

IBA

BP

GO:0060823

canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in neural plate anterior/posterior pattern formation

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes that contributes to the formation of the neural plate anterior/posterior pattern.

IBA

BP

GO:0071407

cellular response to organic cyclic compound

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.

IBA

BP

GO:0090090

negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.

IMP

BP

GO:0090244

Wnt signaling pathway involved in somitogenesis

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state that contributes to somitogenesis.

IBA

BP

GO:0090263

positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.

TAS

BP

GO:1904885

beta-catenin destruction complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a beta-catenin destruction complex.

TAS

BP

GO:1904886

beta-catenin destruction complex disassembly

The disaggregation of a beta-catenin destruction complex into its constituent components.

TAS

BP

GO:2000060

positive regulation of protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process.

ISS

CC

GO:0005634

nucleus

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

IDA

CC

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

IDA

CC

GO:0005829

cytosol

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

TAS

CC

GO:0005881

cytoplasmic microtubule

Any microtubule in the cytoplasm of a cell.

IBA

CC

GO:0005938

cell cortex

The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.

IBA

CC

GO:0014069

postsynaptic density

The postsynaptic density is a region that lies adjacent to the cytoplasmic face of the postsynaptic membrane at an excitatory synapse. It forms an electron-dense disc that consists of a range of proteins with different functions, some of which contact the cytoplasmic domains of ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane. The proteins making up the disc include structural proteins linked to the actin cytoskeleton and signalling machinery, such as protein kinases and phosphatases.

IBA

CC

GO:0016023

cytoplasmic, membrane-bounded vesicle

A membrane-bounded vesicle found in the cytoplasm of the cell.

IBA

CC

GO:0016328

lateral plasma membrane

The portion of the plasma membrane at the lateral side of the cell. In epithelial cells, lateral plasma membranes are on the sides of cells which lie at the interface of adjacent cells.

IDA

CC

GO:0030877

beta-catenin destruction complex

A cytoplasmic protein complex containing glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK-3-beta), the adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC), and the scaffolding protein axin, among others; phosphorylates beta-catenin, targets it for degradation by the proteasome.

IDA

CC

GO:0031410

cytoplasmic vesicle

A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell.

ISS

CC

GO:0048471

perinuclear region of cytoplasm

Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.

IDA

CC

GO:0071944

cell periphery

The part of a cell encompassing the cell cortex, the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures.

IDA

MF

GO:0004871

signal transducer activity

Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.

IDA

MF

GO:0005096

GTPase activator activity

Binds to and increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP.

IBA

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0008013

beta-catenin binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the beta subunit of the catenin complex.

IDA

MF

GO:0019899

enzyme binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any enzyme.

IPI

MF

GO:0019901

protein kinase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.

IBA|ISS

MF

GO:0030159

receptor signaling complex scaffold activity

Functions to provide a physical support for the assembly of a multiprotein receptor signaling complex.

IEA

MF

GO:0031625

ubiquitin protein ligase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins.

IPI

MF

GO:0032947

protein complex scaffold

Functions to provide a physical support for the assembly of a multiprotein complex.

IDA|IMP

MF

GO:0042802

identical protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins.

ISS

MF

GO:0042803

protein homodimerization activity

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.

ISS

MF

GO:0046332

SMAD binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SMAD signaling protein.

IPI

MF

GO:0070016

armadillo repeat domain binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the armadillo repeat domain of a protein, an approximately 40 amino acid long tandemly repeated sequence motif first identified in the Drosophila segment polarity protein armadillo. Arm-repeat proteins are involved in various processes, including intracellular signalling and cytoskeletal regulation.

IBA|ISS

MF

GO:0070411

I-SMAD binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an inhibitory SMAD signaling protein.

IPI