BP

GO:0000712

resolution of meiotic recombination intermediates

The cleavage and rejoining of intermediates, such as Holliday junctions, formed during meiotic recombination to produce two intact molecules in which genetic material has been exchanged.

IBA

BP

GO:0000819

sister chromatid segregation

The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets.

IBA

BP

GO:0002244

hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation

The process in which precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a hematopoietic progenitor cell, a class of cell types including myeloid progenitor cells and lymphoid progenitor cells.

IEA

BP

GO:0006265

DNA topological change

The process in which a transformation is induced in the topological structure of a double-stranded DNA helix, resulting in a change in linking number.

IDA

BP

GO:0006266

DNA ligation

The re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase.

IDA

BP

GO:0006268

DNA unwinding involved in DNA replication

The process in which interchain hydrogen bonds between two strands of DNA are broken or 'melted', generating unpaired template strands for DNA replication.

IBA

BP

GO:0006312

mitotic recombination

The exchange, reciprocal or nonreciprocal, of genetic material between one DNA molecule and a homologous region of DNA that occurs during mitotic cell cycles.

IBA

BP

GO:0006974

cellular response to DNA damage stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism.

IDA

BP

GO:0007059

chromosome segregation

The process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. In eukaryotes, chromosome segregation begins with the condensation of chromosomes, includes chromosome separation, and ends when chromosomes have completed movement to the spindle poles.

IMP

BP

GO:0016925

protein sumoylation

The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxyl terminus of SUMO with an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein.

TAS

BP

GO:0030263

apoptotic chromosome condensation

The compaction of chromatin during apoptosis.

IDA

BP

GO:0040016

embryonic cleavage

The first few specialized divisions of an activated animal egg.

IEA

BP

GO:0042752

regulation of circadian rhythm

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm. A circadian rhythm is a biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.

ISS

BP

GO:0043065

positive regulation of apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.

IDA

BP

GO:0044774

mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint

A mitotic cell cycle process that controls cell cycle progression in response to changes in DNA structure by monitoring the integrity of the DNA. The DNA integrity checkpoint begins with detection of DNA damage, defects in DNA structure or DNA replication, and ends with signal transduction.

IBA

BP

GO:0045070

positive regulation of viral genome replication

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication.

IMP

BP

GO:0045870

positive regulation of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of retroviral genome replication.

IMP

BP

GO:0045944

positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.

IEA

BP

GO:0048511

rhythmic process

Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism.

IEA

CC

GO:0000228

nuclear chromosome

A chromosome that encodes the nuclear genome and is found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell during the cell cycle phases when the nucleus is intact.

IDA

CC

GO:0000793

condensed chromosome

A highly compacted molecule of DNA and associated proteins resulting in a cytologically distinct structure.

IEA

CC

GO:0005634

nucleus

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

IDA

CC

GO:0005654

nucleoplasm

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

IDA|TAS

CC

GO:0005730

nucleolus

A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome.

IDA

CC

GO:0005814

centriole

A cellular organelle, found close to the nucleus in many eukaryotic cells, consisting of a small cylinder with microtubular walls, 300-500 nm long and 150-250 nm in diameter. It contains nine short, parallel, peripheral microtubular fibrils, each fibril consisting of one complete microtubule fused to two incomplete microtubules. Cells usually have two centrioles, lying at right angles to each other. At division, each pair of centrioles generates another pair and the twin pairs form the pole of the mitotic spindle.

IDA

CC

GO:0009330

DNA topoisomerase complex (ATP-hydrolyzing)

Complex that possesses DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity.

IDA

CC

GO:0019035

viral integration complex

A nucleoprotein complex containing viral genetic material and associated viral and host proteins, which is capable of inserting a viral genome into a host genome.

NAS

CC

GO:0043234

protein complex

A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical.

IDA

MF

GO:0000287

magnesium ion binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions.

IDA

MF

GO:0003677

DNA binding

Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).

IDA

MF

GO:0003682

chromatin binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase.

IDA

MF

GO:0003918

DNA topoisomerase type II (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity

Catalysis of a DNA topological transformation by transiently cleaving a pair of complementary DNA strands to form a gate through which a second double-stranded DNA segment is passed, after which the severed strands in the first DNA segment are rejoined; product release is coupled to ATP binding and hydrolysis; changes the linking number in multiples of 2.

IDA

MF

GO:0005080

protein kinase C binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with protein kinase C.

IPI

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0005524

ATP binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.

IEA

MF

GO:0008022

protein C-terminus binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein C-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 1-carboxy function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.

IPI

MF

GO:0008094

DNA-dependent ATPase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; this reaction requires the presence of single- or double-stranded DNA, and it drives another reaction.

IDA

MF

GO:0008144

drug binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a drug, any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease.

IDA

MF

GO:0008301

DNA binding, bending

The activity of binding selectively and non-covalently to and distorting the original structure of DNA, typically a straight helix, into a bend, or increasing the bend if the original structure was intrinsically bent due to its sequence.

IDA

MF

GO:0019899

enzyme binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any enzyme.

IPI

MF

GO:0042803

protein homodimerization activity

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.

IPI

MF

GO:0042826

histone deacetylase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the enzyme histone deacetylase.

IPI

MF

GO:0043130

ubiquitin binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ubiquitin, a protein that when covalently bound to other cellular proteins marks them for proteolytic degradation.

IMP

MF

GO:0044822

poly(A) RNA binding

Interacting non-covalently with a poly(A) RNA, a RNA molecule which has a tail of adenine bases.

IDA

MF

GO:0046982

protein heterodimerization activity

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer.

IPI