Protein Description

Gene Symbol TGFB2
Entrez ID 7042
Uniprot ID P61812
Description transforming growth factor beta 2
Chromosomal Location chr1: 218,346,235-218,444,619
Ontology GO ID GO Term Definition Evidence

BP

GO:0000902

cell morphogenesis

The developmental process in which the size or shape of a cell is generated and organized.

IDA

BP

GO:0001501

skeletal system development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton).

ISS

BP

GO:0001502

cartilage condensation

The condensation of mesenchymal cells that have been committed to differentiate into chondrocytes.

IEA

BP

GO:0001525

angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels.

TAS

BP

GO:0001654

eye development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The eye is the organ of sight.

IDA

BP

GO:0001666

response to hypoxia

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.

IMP

BP

GO:0001822

kidney development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and/or excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.

ISS

BP

GO:0001837

epithelial to mesenchymal transition

A transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.

IDA|TAS

BP

GO:0001843

neural tube closure

The last step in the formation of the neural tube, where the paired neural folds are brought together and fuse at the dorsal midline.

ISS

BP

GO:0001942

hair follicle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hair follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A hair follicle is a tube-like opening in the epidermis where the hair shaft develops and into which the sebaceous glands open.

IDA|ISS

BP

GO:0001974

blood vessel remodeling

The reorganization or renovation of existing blood vessels.

IEA

BP

GO:0002576

platelet degranulation

The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine and serotonin by a platelet.

TAS

BP

GO:0003007

heart morphogenesis

The developmental process in which the heart is generated and organized. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.

IDA

BP

GO:0003148

outflow tract septum morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the outflow tract septum are generated and organized. The outflow tract septum is a partition in the outflow tract.

ISS

BP

GO:0003149

membranous septum morphogenesis

The process in which the membranous septum is generated and organized. The membranous septum is the upper part of ventricular septum.

ISS

BP

GO:0003179

heart valve morphogenesis

The process in which the structure of a heart valve is generated and organized.

ISS

BP

GO:0003181

atrioventricular valve morphogenesis

The process in which the structure of the atrioventricular valve is generated and organized.

ISS

BP

GO:0003184

pulmonary valve morphogenesis

The process in which the structure of the pulmonary valve is generated and organized.

ISS

BP

GO:0003203

endocardial cushion morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the endocardial cushion is generated and organized. The endocardial cushion is a specialized region of mesenchymal cells that will give rise to the heart septa and valves.

ISS

BP

GO:0003215

cardiac right ventricle morphogenesis

The process in which the right cardiac ventricle is generated and organized.

ISS

BP

GO:0003222

ventricular trabecula myocardium morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the trabecular cardiac ventricle muscle are generated and organized.

ISS

BP

GO:0003274

endocardial cushion fusion

The cell-cell adhesion process of mesenchymal cardiac cushion cells that contributes to the process of cushion shaping.

ISS

BP

GO:0003289

atrial septum primum morphogenesis

The process in which anatomical structure of an atrial septum primum is generated and organized.

ISS

BP

GO:0003407

neural retina development

The progression of the neural retina over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The neural retina is the part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells.

ISS

BP

GO:0006468

protein phosphorylation

The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.

IDA

BP

GO:0007050

cell cycle arrest

A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M).

IDA

BP

GO:0007179

transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway

A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.

IDA

BP

GO:0007184

SMAD protein import into nucleus

The directed movement of a SMAD proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. Pathway-restricted SMAD proteins and common-partner SMAD proteins are involved in the transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathways.

IDA

BP

GO:0007267

cell-cell signaling

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another. This process includes signal transduction in the receiving cell and, where applicable, release of a ligand and any processes that actively facilitate its transport and presentation to the receiving cell. Examples include signaling via soluble ligands, via cell adhesion molecules and via gap junctions.

TAS

BP

GO:0007411

axon guidance

The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of an axon growth cone to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.

IEA

BP

GO:0007435

salivary gland morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the salivary gland are generated and organized.

IEP

BP

GO:0007507

heart development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.

IDA

BP

GO:0008219

cell death

Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as apoptotic bodies). The cell corpse (or its fragments) may be engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo, but engulfment of whole cells should not be considered a strict criteria to define cell death as, under some circumstances, live engulfed cells can be released from phagosomes (see PMID:18045538).

IDA

BP

GO:0008283

cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.

TAS

BP

GO:0008284

positive regulation of cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

IDA

BP

GO:0008285

negative regulation of cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

IDA

BP

GO:0008347

glial cell migration

The orderly movement of a glial cell, non-neuronal cells that provide support and nutrition, maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and participate in signal transmission in the nervous system.

IDA

BP

GO:0008584

male gonad development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

ISS

BP

GO:0009611

response to wounding

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism.

IEP

BP

GO:0009790

embryo development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo from its formation until the end of its embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic stage is organism-specific. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant.

TAS

BP

GO:0010002

cardioblast differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.

IDA

BP

GO:0010628

positive regulation of gene expression

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.

IEA

BP

GO:0010629

negative regulation of gene expression

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.

IEA

BP

GO:0010634

positive regulation of epithelial cell migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell migration.

IDA

BP

GO:0010693

negative regulation of alkaline phosphatase activity

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of alkaline phosphatase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an alkaline pH optimum.

IDA

BP

GO:0010718

positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.

IDA

BP

GO:0010862

positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation. Pathway-restricted SMAD proteins and common-partner SMAD proteins are involved in the transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathways.

IBA

BP

GO:0010936

negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage cytokine production. Macrophage cytokine production is the appearance of a chemokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.

IDA

BP

GO:0014068

positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade.

IDA

BP

GO:0016049

cell growth

The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present.

IEA

BP

GO:0016477

cell migration

The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms.

IDA

BP

GO:0023014

signal transduction by protein phosphorylation

A process in which the transfer of one or more phosphate groups to a substrate transmits a signal to the phosphorylated substrate.

IEA

BP

GO:0030097

hemopoiesis

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myeloid and lymphoid derived organ/tissue systems of the blood and other parts of the body over time, from formation to the mature structure. The site of hemopoiesis is variable during development, but occurs primarily in bone marrow or kidney in many adult vertebrates.

ISS

BP

GO:0030199

collagen fibril organization

Any process that determines the size and arrangement of collagen fibrils within an extracellular matrix.

IDA

BP

GO:0030307

positive regulation of cell growth

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.

IDA

BP

GO:0030308

negative regulation of cell growth

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.

IDA

BP

GO:0030326

embryonic limb morphogenesis

The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the limb are generated and organized. A limb is an appendage of an animal used for locomotion or grasping.

ISS

BP

GO:0030593

neutrophil chemotaxis

The directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding.

ISS|TAS

BP

GO:0031069

hair follicle morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the hair follicle are generated and organized.

ISS

BP

GO:0032147

activation of protein kinase activity

Any process that initiates the activity of an inactive protein kinase.

IDA

BP

GO:0032570

response to progesterone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a progesterone stimulus.

IDA

BP

GO:0032874

positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the stress-activated MAPK cascade.

IDA

BP

GO:0032909

regulation of transforming growth factor beta2 production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta2.

IMP

BP

GO:0032956

regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.

IEA

BP

GO:0033630

positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of cell adhesion mediated by integrin.

IDA

BP

GO:0035910

ascending aorta morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the ascending aorta are generated and organized. The ascending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system that lies between the heart and the arch of aorta. In a two-pass circulatory system blood passes twice through the heart to supply the body once.

ISS

BP

GO:0042060

wound healing

The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury.

ISS

BP

GO:0042416

dopamine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline.

ISS

BP

GO:0042476

odontogenesis

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tooth or teeth over time, from formation to the mature structure(s). A tooth is any hard bony, calcareous, or chitinous organ found in the mouth or pharynx of an animal and used in procuring or masticating food.

NAS

BP

GO:0042493

response to drug

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.

IDA

BP

GO:0042637

catagen

The regression phase of the hair cycle during which cell proliferation ceases, the hair follicle shortens, and an anchored club hair is produced.

IDA

BP

GO:0042704

uterine wall breakdown

The sloughing of the endometrium and blood vessels during menstruation that results from a drop in progesterone levels.

TAS

BP

GO:0043525

positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death of neurons by apoptotic process.

IDA

BP

GO:0045216

cell-cell junction organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell-cell junction. A cell-cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells.

IDA

BP

GO:0045726

positive regulation of integrin biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of integrins.

IDA

BP

GO:0045778

positive regulation of ossification

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone formation.

IEP

BP

GO:0045787

positive regulation of cell cycle

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.

ISS

BP

GO:0045823

positive regulation of heart contraction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of heart contraction.

IDA

BP

GO:0046580

negative regulation of Ras protein signal transduction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Ras protein signal transduction.

ISS

BP

GO:0048103

somatic stem cell division

The self-renewing division of a somatic stem cell, a stem cell that can give rise to cell types of the body other than those of the germ-line.

ISS

BP

GO:0048566

embryonic digestive tract development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the gut over time, from its formation to the mature structure during embryonic development. The gut is the region of the digestive tract extending from the beginning of the intestines to the anus.

IEP

BP

GO:0048663

neuron fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a neuron.

IEA

BP

GO:0048666

neuron development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.

ISS

BP

GO:0048699

generation of neurons

The process in which nerve cells are generated. This includes the production of neuroblasts and their differentiation into neurons.

TAS

BP

GO:0048839

inner ear development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner ear over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

ISS

BP

GO:0050680

negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation.

IDA|IMP

BP

GO:0050714

positive regulation of protein secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell.

IDA

BP

GO:0050777

negative regulation of immune response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus.

TAS

BP

GO:0050778

positive regulation of immune response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus.

ISS

BP

GO:0051781

positive regulation of cell division

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell division.

IEA

BP

GO:0051795

positive regulation of catagen

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of catagen, the regression phase of the hair cycle.

IDA

BP

GO:0051891

positive regulation of cardioblast differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.

IDA

BP

GO:0060021

palate development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the palate from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure. The palate is the partition that separates the nasal and oral cavities.

ISS

BP

GO:0060038

cardiac muscle cell proliferation

The expansion of a cardiac muscle cell population by cell division.

IDA

BP

GO:0060065

uterus development

The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of the uterus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

ISS

BP

GO:0060317

cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition

A transition where a cardiac epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.

IDA

BP

GO:0060325

face morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the face are generated and organized. The face is the ventral division of the head.

IEA

BP

GO:0060389

pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation

The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a pathway restricted SMAD protein. A pathway restricted SMAD protein is an effector protein that acts directly downstream of the transforming growth factor family receptor.

IDA

BP

GO:0060395

SMAD protein signal transduction

The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the activity of a SMAD protein, and ultimately effecting a change in the functioning of the cell.

IBA

BP

GO:0060412

ventricular septum morphogenesis

The developmental process in which a ventricular septum is generated and organized. A ventricular septum is an anatomical structure that separates the lower chambers (ventricles) of the heart from one another.

ISS

BP

GO:0060413

atrial septum morphogenesis

The developmental process in which atrial septum is generated and organized. The atrial septum separates the upper chambers (the atria) of the heart from one another.

ISS

BP

GO:0061037

negative regulation of cartilage development

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of cartilage development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.

IEA

BP

GO:0061626

pharyngeal arch artery morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a pharyngeal arch artery is generated and organized. The pharyngeal arch arteries are a series of six paired embryological vascular structures, the development of which give rise to several major arteries, such as the stapedial artery, the middle meningeal artery, the internal carotid artery and the pulmonary artery.

ISS

BP

GO:0070237

positive regulation of activation-induced cell death of T cells

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activation-induced cell death of T cells.

IEA

BP

GO:0090091

positive regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of extracellular matrix disassembly. Extracellular matrix disassembly is a process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix.

IEA

BP

GO:0097191

extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

A series of molecular signals in which a signal is conveyed from the cell surface to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with either a ligand binding to a cell surface receptor, or a ligand being withdrawn from a cell surface receptor (e.g. in the case of signaling by dependence receptors), and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.

IDA

BP

GO:1900182

positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to nucleus.

IEA

BP

GO:1902256

regulation of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis.

ISS

BP

GO:1903701

substantia propria of cornea development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a substantia propria of cornea over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

ISS

BP

GO:1904426

positive regulation of GTP binding

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of GTP binding.

IEA

BP

GO:1904888

cranial skeletal system development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cranial skeletal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cranial skeletal system is the skeletal subdivision of the head, and includes the skull (cranium plus mandible), pharyngeal and/or hyoid apparatus.

ISS

BP

GO:1905006

negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation.

ISS

BP

GO:1905007

positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation.

ISS

BP

GO:2001241

positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand.

IEA

CC

GO:0005576

extracellular region

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

IDA|TAS

CC

GO:0005615

extracellular space

That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

IDA

CC

GO:0005768

endosome

A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.

IEA

CC

GO:0030424

axon

The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.

ISS

CC

GO:0031012

extracellular matrix

A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues.

IDA

CC

GO:0031093

platelet alpha granule lumen

The volume enclosed by the membrane of the platelet alpha granule.

TAS

CC

GO:0043025

neuronal cell body

The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.

ISS

MF

GO:0001540

beta-amyloid binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with beta-amyloid peptide/protein and/or its precursor.

IDA

MF

GO:0004702

receptor signaling protein serine/threonine kinase activity

Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.

IDA

MF

GO:0005102

receptor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.

IMP

MF

GO:0005114

type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type II transforming growth factor beta receptor.

IDA|IMP|IPI

MF

GO:0005125

cytokine activity

Functions to control the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells.

TAS

MF

GO:0005160

transforming growth factor beta receptor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the transforming growth factor beta receptor.

IDA

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0008083

growth factor activity

The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation.

IEA

MF

GO:0034714

type III transforming growth factor beta receptor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type III transforming growth factor beta receptor.

IMP|IPI

MF

GO:0042803

protein homodimerization activity

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.

IDA

MF

GO:0046982

protein heterodimerization activity

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer.

TAS

Domain ID Description

IPR001111

TGF-beta, propeptide

IPR001839

Transforming growth factor-beta, C-terminal

IPR003940

Transforming growth factor, beta 2

IPR015615

Transforming growth factor-beta-related

IPR016319

Transforming growth factor-beta

IPR017948

Transforming growth factor beta, conserved site

IPR029034

Cystine-knot cytokine

Pathway ID Pathway Term Pathway Source

hsa04010

MAPK signaling pathway

KEGG

hsa04060

Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction

KEGG

hsa04068

FoxO signaling pathway

KEGG

hsa04110

Cell cycle

KEGG

hsa04144

Endocytosis

KEGG

hsa04350

TGF-beta signaling pathway

KEGG

hsa04380

Osteoclast differentiation

KEGG

hsa04390

Hippo signaling pathway

KEGG

hsa04933

AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications

KEGG

hsa05140

Leishmaniasis

KEGG

hsa05142

Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)

KEGG

hsa05144

Malaria

KEGG

hsa05145

Toxoplasmosis

KEGG

hsa05146

Amoebiasis

KEGG

hsa05152

Tuberculosis

KEGG

hsa05161

Hepatitis B

KEGG

hsa05166

HTLV-I infection

KEGG

hsa05200

Pathways in cancer

KEGG

hsa05205

Proteoglycans in cancer

KEGG

hsa05206

MicroRNAs in cancer

KEGG

hsa05210

Colorectal cancer

KEGG

hsa05211

Renal cell carcinoma

KEGG

hsa05212

Pancreatic cancer

KEGG

hsa05220

Chronic myeloid leukemia

KEGG

hsa05321

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

KEGG

hsa05323

Rheumatoid arthritis

KEGG

hsa05410

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)

KEGG

hsa05414

Dilated cardiomyopathy

KEGG

WP2884

NRF2 pathway

WikiPathways

WP2870

Extracellular vesicle-mediated signaling in recipient cells

WikiPathways

WP382

MAPK Signaling Pathway

WikiPathways

WP474

Endochondral Ossification

WikiPathways

WP400

p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway

WikiPathways

h_alkPathway

ALK in cardiac myocytes

BioCarta

h_g1Pathway

Cell Cycle: G1/S Check Point

BioCarta

h_ctcfPathway

CTCF: First Multivalent Nuclear Factor

BioCarta

h_inflamPathway

Cytokines and Inflammatory Response

BioCarta

h_erythPathway

Erythrocyte Differentiation Pathway

BioCarta

h_slrp2Pathway

Function of SLRP in Bone: An Integrated View

BioCarta

h_mapkPathway

MAPKinase Signaling Pathway

BioCarta

h_p38mapkPathway

p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway

BioCarta

h_tob1Pathway

Role of Tob in T-cell activation

BioCarta

h_nktPathway

Selective expression of chemokine receptors during T-cell polarization

BioCarta

h_il1rPathway

Signal transduction through IL1R

BioCarta

h_tgfbPathway

TGF beta signaling pathway

BioCarta

UMLS CUI UMLS Term

C0003504

Aortic Valve Insufficiency

C0005941

Bone Diseases, Developmental

C0008925

Cleft Palate

C0010520

Cyanosis

C0014175

Endometriosis

C0015393

Eye Abnormalities

C0017601

Glaucoma

C0018798

Congenital Heart Defects

C0024117

Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease

C0035238

Congenital Abnormality Of Respiratory System

C0041956

Ureteral Obstruction

C0042063

Urogenital Abnormalities

C0151491

Congenital Musculoskeletal Anomalies

C0162872

Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic

C0206762

Limb Deformities, Congenital

C0376634

Craniofacial Abnormalities

C2697932

Loeys-Dietz Syndrome

No tissues found.

Database Name

DGA

Pubmed ID Author Year Title

22617121

Ouandaogo et al.

2012

Differences in transcriptomic profiles of human cumulus cells isolated from oocytes at GV, MI and MII stages after in vivo andin vitro oocyte maturation

23824412

Piltonen et al.

2013

Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitors and Other Endometrial Cell Types From Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Display Inflammatory and Oncogenic Potential

Gene Symbol Entrez ID Uniprot ID Score

CTGF

1490

P29279

0.52

TGFB2

7042

P61812

0.52

ENG

2022

P17813

0.55

TGFBR1

7046

P36897

0.62

BMP2

650

P12643

0.65

TGFBRAP1

9392

Q8WUH2

0.72

DAXX

1616

Q9UER7

0.75

DCN

1634

P07585

0.75

TGFB1

7040

P01137

0.75

TGFBR2

7048

P37173

0.84

APP

351

P05067

0.87

FMOD

2331

Q06828

0.52

LTBP3

4054

Q9NS15

0.52

TGFB3

7043

P10600

0.52

CEBPA

1050

P49715

0.63

PZP

5858

P20742

0.75

VTN

7448

P04004

0.75

VASN

114990

Q6EMK4

0.75

TGFBR3

7049

Q03167

0.76