BP

GO:0007050

cell cycle arrest

A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M).

TAS

BP

GO:0007165

signal transduction

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

TAS

BP

GO:0007264

small GTPase mediated signal transduction

Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals.

IEA

BP

GO:0016236

macroautophagy

The major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane-bounded autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane-bounded structure. Autophagosomes then fuse with a lysosome (or vacuole) releasing single-membrane-bounded autophagic bodies that are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). Though once thought to be a purely non-selective process, it appears that some types of macroautophagy, e.g. macropexophagy, macromitophagy, may involve selective targeting of the targets to be degraded.

TAS

BP

GO:0032008

positive regulation of TOR signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of TOR signaling.

IMP

BP

GO:0048714

positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation.

IEA

BP

GO:2000074

regulation of type B pancreatic cell development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic B cell development.

IMP

CC

GO:0000139

Golgi membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus.

IEA

CC

GO:0005681

spliceosomal complex

Any of a series of ribonucleoprotein complexes that contain snRNA(s) and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and are formed sequentially during the spliceosomal splicing of one or more substrate RNAs, and which also contain the RNA substrate(s) from the initial target RNAs of splicing, the splicing intermediate RNA(s), to the final RNA products. During cis-splicing, the initial target RNA is a single, contiguous RNA transcript, whether mRNA, snoRNA, etc., and the released products are a spliced RNA and an excised intron, generally as a lariat structure. During trans-splicing, there are two initial substrate RNAs, the spliced leader RNA and a pre-mRNA.

IEA

CC

GO:0005765

lysosomal membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding the lysosome and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm.

TAS

CC

GO:0005789

endoplasmic reticulum membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum.

IEA

CC

GO:0005829

cytosol

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

IEA

CC

GO:0016020

membrane

A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.

TAS

CC

GO:0070062

extracellular exosome

A membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

IDA

MF

GO:0003924

GTPase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate.

TAS

MF

GO:0005525

GTP binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate.

ISS

MF

GO:0019901

protein kinase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.

IEA

MF

GO:0046872

metal ion binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.

IEA