BP

GO:0000075

cell cycle checkpoint

A cell cycle process that controls cell cycle progression by monitoring the integrity of specific cell cycle events. A cell cycle checkpoint begins with detection of deficiencies or defects and ends with signal transduction.

TAS

BP

GO:0000082

G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

The mitotic cell cycle transition by which a cell in G1 commits to S phase. The process begins with the build up of G1 cyclin-dependent kinase (G1 CDK), resulting in the activation of transcription of G1 cyclins. The process ends with the positive feedback of the G1 cyclins on the G1 CDK which commits the cell to S phase, in which DNA replication is initiated.

TAS

BP

GO:0000083

regulation of transcription involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

Any process that regulates transcription such that the target genes are involved in the transition between G1 and S phase of the mitotic cell cycle.

TAS

BP

GO:0001558

regulation of cell growth

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.

IEA

BP

GO:0001894

tissue homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state within a defined tissue of an organism, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function.

IEA

BP

GO:0006338

chromatin remodeling

Dynamic structural changes to eukaryotic chromatin occurring throughout the cell division cycle. These changes range from the local changes necessary for transcriptional regulation to global changes necessary for chromosome segregation.

TAS

BP

GO:0006351

transcription, DNA-templated

The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA.

IEA

BP

GO:0006469

negative regulation of protein kinase activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity.

IPI

BP

GO:0007050

cell cycle arrest

A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M).

TAS

BP

GO:0007070

negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter during mitosis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter during mitosis.

TAS

BP

GO:0007093

mitotic cell cycle checkpoint

A cell cycle checkpoint that ensures accurate chromosome replication and segregation by preventing progression through a mitotic cell cycle until conditions are suitable for the cell to proceed to the next stage.

TAS

BP

GO:0007265

Ras protein signal transduction

A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Ras superfamily of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state.

IEP

BP

GO:0007346

regulation of mitotic cell cycle

Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progress through the mitotic cell cycle.

IMP

BP

GO:0010629

negative regulation of gene expression

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.

IMP

BP

GO:0016032

viral process

A multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant. The other participant is the host. Includes infection of a host cell, replication of the viral genome, and assembly of progeny virus particles. In some cases the viral genetic material may integrate into the host genome and only subsequently, under particular circumstances, 'complete' its life cycle.

IEA

BP

GO:0016569

chromatin modification

The alteration of DNA or protein in chromatin by the covalent addition or removal of chemical groups.

IEA

BP

GO:0030521

androgen receptor signaling pathway

Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an androgen binding to its receptor.

NAS

BP

GO:0031134

sister chromatid biorientation

The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids establish stable attachments to microtubules emanating from opposite spindle poles.

IMP

BP

GO:0031175

neuron projection development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).

IEA

BP

GO:0034088

maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion

The process in which the association between sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome is maintained as chromosomes condense, attach to the spindle in a bipolar orientation, and congress to the metaphase plate during a mitotic cell cycle.

IMP

BP

GO:0034349

glial cell apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in a glial cell, a non-neuronal cell of the nervous system.

IEA

BP

GO:0035914

skeletal muscle cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a skeletal muscle cell, a somatic cell located in skeletal muscle.

IEA

BP

GO:0042551

neuron maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a neuron to attain its fully functional state.

IEA

BP

GO:0043353

enucleate erythrocyte differentiation

The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires specialized features of an erythrocyte without a nucleus. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.

IEA

BP

GO:0043433

negative regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.

TAS

BP

GO:0043550

regulation of lipid kinase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipid kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a simple or complex lipid.

IDA

BP

GO:0045445

myoblast differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into striated muscle fibers.

IMP

BP

GO:0045651

positive regulation of macrophage differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation.

IEA

BP

GO:0045842

positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from metaphase to anaphase during mitosis, triggered by the activation of the anaphase promoting complex by Cdc20/Sleepy homolog which results in the degradation of Securin.

IMP

BP

GO:0045879

negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smoothened signaling.

IEA

BP

GO:0045892

negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

IDA|TAS

BP

GO:0045893

positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

NAS

BP

GO:0045944

positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.

IEA

BP

GO:0048565

digestive tract development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the digestive tract over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The digestive tract is the anatomical structure through which food passes and is processed.

IEA

BP

GO:0048667

cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation

The process in which the structures of a neuron are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a neuron.

IEA

BP

GO:0050680

negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation.

IEA

BP

GO:0051146

striated muscle cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a striated muscle cell; striated muscle fibers are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and voluntary muscle are types of striated muscle.

IEA

BP

GO:0051301

cell division

The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells.

IEA

BP

GO:0051402

neuron apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in a neuron, the basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system.

IEA

BP

GO:0071459

protein localization to chromosome, centromeric region

Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the centromeric region of a chromosome.

IMP

BP

GO:0071466

cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a xenobiotic compound stimulus. Xenobiotic compounds are compounds foreign to living organisms.

IEA

BP

GO:0071922

regulation of cohesin loading

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process in which a cohesin complex is transported to, or maintained at, a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin.

IMP

BP

GO:0071930

negative regulation of transcription involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

Any process that stop, prevents or decreases transcription as part of the G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle.

IEA

BP

GO:0090230

regulation of centromere complex assembly

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of centromere complex assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and centromeric DNA molecules to form a centromeric protein-DNA complex.

TAS

BP

GO:0097284

hepatocyte apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in a hepatocyte, the main structural component of the liver.

IEA

BP

GO:2000134

negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

Any cell cycle regulatory process that prevents the commitment of a cell from G1 to S phase of the mitotic cell cycle.

TAS

BP

GO:2000679

positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription regulatory region DNA binding.

IDA

CC

GO:0000785

chromatin

The ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome.

TAS

CC

GO:0005634

nucleus

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

IDA

CC

GO:0005654

nucleoplasm

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

TAS

CC

GO:0005819

spindle

The array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during mitosis or meiosis and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart.

IEA

CC

GO:0008024

cyclin/CDK positive transcription elongation factor complex

A transcription elongation factor complex that facilitates the transition from abortive to productive elongation by phosphorylating the CTD domain of the large subunit of DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme. Contains a cyclin and a cyclin-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit.

IDA

CC

GO:0016514

SWI/SNF complex

A SWI/SNF-type complex that contains nine or more proteins, including both conserved (core) and nonconserved components; the Swi2/Snf2 ATPase is one of the core components.

TAS

CC

GO:0016605

PML body

A class of nuclear body; they react against SP100 auto-antibodies (PML, promyelocytic leukemia); cells typically contain 10-30 PML bodies per nucleus; alterations in the localization of PML bodies occurs after viral infection.

IDA

CC

GO:0035189

Rb-E2F complex

A multiprotein complex containing a heterodimeric E2F transcription factor and a Retinoblastoma (Rb) family member. This complex is capable of repressing transcription of E2F-regulated genes in order to regulate cell cycle progression.

TAS

MF

GO:0001047

core promoter binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the regulatory region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for the basal transcription machinery. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors.

IDA

MF

GO:0001102

RNA polymerase II activating transcription factor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription activating factor, a protein involved in positive regulation of transcription.

IEA

MF

GO:0003677

DNA binding

Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).

TAS

MF

GO:0003700

transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex.

TAS

MF

GO:0003713

transcription coactivator activity

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a activating transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind the template nucleic acid, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery.

NAS

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0008134

transcription factor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription.

IPI

MF

GO:0019900

kinase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group.

IDA

MF

GO:0031625

ubiquitin protein ligase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins.

IPI

MF

GO:0050681

androgen receptor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an androgen receptor.

NAS

MF

GO:0051219

phosphoprotein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a phosphorylated protein.

IPI