BP

GO:0000165

MAPK cascade

An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.

TAS

BP

GO:0000281

mitotic cytokinesis

A cell cycle process that results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after mitosis, resulting in the separation of the original cell into two daughter cells.

ISS

BP

GO:0001570

vasculogenesis

The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes.

ISS

BP

GO:0001953

negative regulation of cell-matrix adhesion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate or extent of cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix.

IDA

BP

GO:0007162

negative regulation of cell adhesion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell adhesion.

IDA

BP

GO:0007165

signal transduction

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

IDA

BP

GO:0008360

regulation of cell shape

Any process that modulates the surface configuration of a cell.

NAS

BP

GO:0009790

embryo development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo from its formation until the end of its embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic stage is organism-specific. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant.

ISS

BP

GO:0030833

regulation of actin filament polymerization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin filaments by the addition of actin monomers to a filament.

IDA

BP

GO:0035556

intracellular signal transduction

The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell.

NAS

BP

GO:0043524

negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.

ISS

BP

GO:0043547

positive regulation of GTPase activity

Any process that activates or increases the activity of a GTPase.

IEA

BP

GO:0046580

negative regulation of Ras protein signal transduction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Ras protein signal transduction.

IBA

BP

GO:0048013

ephrin receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an ephrin receptor binding to an ephrin.

TAS

BP

GO:0048514

blood vessel morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of blood vessels are generated and organized. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood.

IMP

BP

GO:0051252

regulation of RNA metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA.

NAS

CC

GO:0001726

ruffle

Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork.

IEA

CC

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

IBA|NAS

CC

GO:0005829

cytosol

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

TAS

CC

GO:0031235

intrinsic component of the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane

The component of a plasma membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that have some covalently attached part (e.g. peptide sequence or GPI anchor) which is embedded in the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane only.

IBA

MF

GO:0001948

glycoprotein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (monosaccharide) residues. These also include proteoglycans.

IPI

MF

GO:0005096

GTPase activator activity

Binds to and increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP.

EXP

MF

GO:0005102

receptor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.

IPI

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0019870

potassium channel inhibitor activity

Stops, prevents, or reduces the activity of a potassium channel.

NAS

MF

GO:0051020

GTPase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a GTPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP.

IPI