BP

GO:0001525

angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels.

IEA

BP

GO:0001938

positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of endothelial cell proliferation.

IGI

BP

GO:0006468

protein phosphorylation

The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.

IDA

BP

GO:0006915

apoptotic process

A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.

IEA

BP

GO:0006954

inflammatory response

The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.

IEA

BP

GO:0007030

Golgi organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the Golgi apparatus.

IMP

BP

GO:0007165

signal transduction

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

TAS

BP

GO:0007229

integrin-mediated signaling pathway

A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of extracellular ligand to an integrin on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.

TAS

BP

GO:0007265

Ras protein signal transduction

A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Ras superfamily of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state.

IMP

BP

GO:0008283

cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.

TAS

BP

GO:0010595

positive regulation of endothelial cell migration

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium.

IMP

BP

GO:0010837

regulation of keratinocyte proliferation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of keratinocyte proliferation. Keratinocyte proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.

ISS

BP

GO:0010976

positive regulation of neuron projection development

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).

IMP

BP

GO:0018105

peptidyl-serine phosphorylation

The phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine.

IDA

BP

GO:0030148

sphingolipid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid).

TAS

BP

GO:0031647

regulation of protein stability

Any process that affects the structure and integrity of a protein, altering the likelihood of its degradation or aggregation.

IMP

BP

GO:0032793

positive regulation of CREB transcription factor activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor CREB.

IGI

BP

GO:0033138

positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine.

IGI

BP

GO:0034599

cellular response to oxidative stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals.

IDA

BP

GO:0035556

intracellular signal transduction

The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell.

IMP

BP

GO:0035924

cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus.

IGI|IMP

BP

GO:0038033

positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis by VEGF-activated vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway

A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to a VEGFR on the surface of a cell, which activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell chemotaxis.

IGI|IMP

BP

GO:0043123

positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.

IMP

BP

GO:0043536

positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the migration of the endothelial cells of blood vessels.

IGI|IMP

BP

GO:0045087

innate immune response

Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.

IEA

BP

GO:0045669

positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation.

ISS

BP

GO:0045766

positive regulation of angiogenesis

Any process that activates or increases angiogenesis.

IGI|IMP

BP

GO:0045806

negative regulation of endocytosis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis.

TAS

BP

GO:0045944

positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.

IMP

BP

GO:0046777

protein autophosphorylation

The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues (cis-autophosphorylation), or residues on an identical protein (trans-autophosphorylation).

IDA|TAS

BP

GO:0048010

vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway

Any series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) located on the surface of the receiving cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.

IMP

BP

GO:0048193

Golgi vesicle transport

The directed movement of substances into, out of or within the Golgi apparatus, mediated by vesicles.

ISS

BP

GO:0051092

positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.

IMP

BP

GO:0051279

regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria.

IEA

BP

GO:0060548

negative regulation of cell death

Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death.

IMP

BP

GO:0089700

protein kinase D signaling

A series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase D, which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound.

IGI

BP

GO:1901727

positive regulation of histone deacetylase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of histone deacetylase activity.

IGI

BP

GO:2001028

positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell chemotaxis.

IMP

BP

GO:2001044

regulation of integrin-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of integrin-mediated signaling pathway.

TAS

CC

GO:0005634

nucleus

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

IBA

CC

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

IDA

CC

GO:0005794

Golgi apparatus

A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.

IDA

CC

GO:0005802

trans-Golgi network

The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located within the Golgi apparatus on the side distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination.

IDA

CC

GO:0005829

cytosol

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

ISS|TAS

CC

GO:0005886

plasma membrane

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

IDA

CC

GO:0005887

integral component of plasma membrane

The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

TAS

CC

GO:0005911

cell-cell junction

A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals.

IEA

CC

GO:0005938

cell cortex

The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.

IEA

MF

GO:0004674

protein serine/threonine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.

IDA|TAS

MF

GO:0004697

protein kinase C activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires diacylglycerol.

IDA

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0005524

ATP binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.

IEA

MF

GO:0016301

kinase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.

IDA

MF

GO:0046872

metal ion binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.

IEA