BP

GO:0000086

G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle

The mitotic cell cycle transition by which a cell in G2 commits to M phase. The process begins when the kinase activity of M cyclin/CDK complex reaches a threshold high enough for the cell cycle to proceed. This is accomplished by activating a positive feedback loop that results in the accumulation of unphosphorylated and active M cyclin/CDK complex.

TAS

BP

GO:0001707

mesoderm formation

The process that gives rise to the mesoderm. This process pertains to the initial formation of the structure from unspecified parts.

IEA

BP

GO:0001843

neural tube closure

The last step in the formation of the neural tube, where the paired neural folds are brought together and fuse at the dorsal midline.

IEA

BP

GO:0002027

regulation of heart rate

Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of heart contraction.

TAS

BP

GO:0002223

stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway

Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a C-type lectin receptor capable of cellular activation.

TAS

BP

GO:0003091

renal water homeostasis

Renal process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of water in the body.

TAS

BP

GO:0006397

mRNA processing

Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide.

IDA

BP

GO:0006468

protein phosphorylation

The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.

NAS

BP

GO:0007596

blood coagulation

The sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot; it may be divided into three stages: stage 1, the formation of intrinsic and extrinsic prothrombin converting principle; stage 2, the formation of thrombin; stage 3, the formation of stable fibrin polymers.

TAS

BP

GO:0010881

regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction via the regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion by sarcoplasmic reticulum into cytosol. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is the endoplasmic reticulum of striated muscle, specialised for the sequestration of calcium ions that are released upon receipt of a signal relayed by the T tubules from the neuromuscular junction.

TAS

BP

GO:0018105

peptidyl-serine phosphorylation

The phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine.

IDA

BP

GO:0018107

peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation

The phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine.

IEA

BP

GO:0034199

activation of protein kinase A activity

Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme protein kinase A.

TAS

BP

GO:0035584

calcium-mediated signaling using intracellular calcium source

A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses calcium ions released from an intracellular store to convert a signal into a response.

TAS

BP

GO:0042157

lipoprotein metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids.

TAS

BP

GO:0043393

regulation of protein binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding.

TAS

BP

GO:0045667

regulation of osteoblast differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation.

IDA

BP

GO:0046777

protein autophosphorylation

The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues (cis-autophosphorylation), or residues on an identical protein (trans-autophosphorylation).

IEA

BP

GO:0046827

positive regulation of protein export from nucleus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of directed movement of proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.

IEA

BP

GO:0048240

sperm capacitation

A process required for sperm to reach fertilization competence. Sperm undergo an incompletely understood series of morphological and molecular maturational processes, termed capacitation, involving, among other processes, protein tyrosine phosphorylation and increased intracellular calcium.

ISS

BP

GO:0050804

modulation of synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates the frequency or amplitude of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse. Amplitude, in this case, refers to the change in postsynaptic membrane potential due to a single instance of synaptic transmission.

IEA

BP

GO:0051480

regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within the cytosol of a cell or between the cytosol and its surroundings.

TAS

BP

GO:0055117

regulation of cardiac muscle contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction.

TAS

BP

GO:0060314

regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity

Any process that modulates the activity of a ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel. The ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel catalyzes the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when a ryanodine class ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.

TAS

BP

GO:0061136

regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome.

IDA

BP

GO:0070613

regulation of protein processing

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein processing, any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.

IEA

BP

GO:0071158

positive regulation of cell cycle arrest

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of cell cycle arrest, the process in which the cell cycle is halted during one of the normal phases.

ISS

BP

GO:0071333

cellular response to glucose stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus.

IDA

BP

GO:0071374

cellular response to parathyroid hormone stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a parathyroid hormone stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0071377

cellular response to glucagon stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucagon stimulus.

TAS

BP

GO:0071872

cellular response to epinephrine stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epinephrine stimulus. Epinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C9H13NO3; it is secreted by the adrenal medulla to act as a hormone, and released by certain neurons to act as a neurotransmitter active in the central nervous system.

TAS

BP

GO:0086064

cell communication by electrical coupling involved in cardiac conduction

The process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels and contributes to the process of cardiac conduction.

TAS

BP

GO:1901621

negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway involved in dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smoothened signaling pathway involved in dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning.

IEA

BP

GO:1903779

regulation of cardiac conduction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac conduction.

TAS

BP

GO:2000810

regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tight junction assembly.

IDA

CC

GO:0005634

nucleus

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

IDA

CC

GO:0005654

nucleoplasm

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

TAS

CC

GO:0005739

mitochondrion

A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.

IEA

CC

GO:0005813

centrosome

A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle.

IDA

CC

GO:0005829

cytosol

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

TAS

CC

GO:0005952

cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex

An enzyme complex, composed of regulatory and catalytic subunits, that catalyzes protein phosphorylation. Inactive forms of the enzyme have two regulatory chains and two catalytic chains; activation by cAMP produces two active catalytic monomers and a regulatory dimer.

NAS

CC

GO:0016020

membrane

A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.

IDA

CC

GO:0016607

nuclear speck

A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy.

IDA

CC

GO:0031514

motile cilium

A cilium which has a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules, contains molecular motors, and beats with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promotes cell motility or transport of fluids and other cells across a cell surface. Motile cilia are typically found in multiple copies on epithelial cells that line the lumenal ducts of various tissues. Motile cilia may also function as sensory organelles.

IEA

CC

GO:0031594

neuromuscular junction

The junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. In response to the arrival of action potentials, the presynaptic button releases molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane of the muscle fiber, leading to a change in post-synaptic potential.

IEA

CC

GO:0034704

calcium channel complex

An ion channel complex through which calcium ions pass.

TAS

CC

GO:0044853

plasma membrane raft

A membrane raft that is part of the plasma membrane.

IDA

CC

GO:0070062

extracellular exosome

A membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

IDA

CC

GO:0097546

ciliary base

Area of the cilium (also called flagellum) where the basal body and the axoneme are anchored to the plasma membrane. The ciliary base encompasses the distal part of the basal body, transition fibers and transition zone and is structurally and functionally very distinct from the rest of the cilium. In this area proteins are sorted and filtered before entering the cilium, and many ciliary proteins localize specifically to this area.

TAS

MF

GO:0004674

protein serine/threonine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.

EXP|TAS

MF

GO:0004691

cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires the presence of cAMP.

ISS|NAS|TAS

MF

GO:0004712

protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + a protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate; ATP + a protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate; and ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate.

IDA

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0005524

ATP binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.

IEA

MF

GO:0019901

protein kinase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.

IPI

MF

GO:0031625

ubiquitin protein ligase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins.

IDA

MF

GO:0034237

protein kinase A regulatory subunit binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or both of the regulatory subunits of protein kinase A.

IPI