BP

GO:0000122

negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.

IDA

BP

GO:0001649

osteoblast differentiation

The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an osteoblast, a mesodermal or neural crest cell that gives rise to bone.

IDA

BP

GO:0006355

regulation of transcription, DNA-templated

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

IDA

BP

GO:0007005

mitochondrion organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components.

IMP

BP

GO:0007165

signal transduction

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

TAS

BP

GO:0008285

negative regulation of cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

IMP

BP

GO:0010628

positive regulation of gene expression

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.

IGI

BP

GO:0010942

positive regulation of cell death

Any process that increases the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death.

IGI

BP

GO:0010944

negative regulation of transcription by competitive promoter binding

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-dependent transcription using a mechanism that involves direct competition for interaction with a promoter binding site.

IDA

BP

GO:0016575

histone deacetylation

The modification of histones by removal of acetyl groups.

IDA

BP

GO:0030308

negative regulation of cell growth

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.

IMP

BP

GO:0042177

negative regulation of protein catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.

IMP

BP

GO:0042981

regulation of apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process.

TAS

BP

GO:0045745

positive regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway activity.

IMP

BP

GO:0045892

negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

IDA|IMP

BP

GO:0045893

positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

IDA

BP

GO:0045917

positive regulation of complement activation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation.

IDA

BP

GO:0050821

protein stabilization

Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation.

IMP

BP

GO:0050847

progesterone receptor signaling pathway

Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a progesterone binding to its receptor.

IDA

BP

GO:0060766

negative regulation of androgen receptor signaling pathway

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the androgen receptor signaling pathway.

IDA|IMP

BP

GO:0070373

negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade.

IMP

BP

GO:0070374

positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade.

IMP

BP

GO:0071354

cellular response to interleukin-6

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-6 stimulus.

IDA

BP

GO:0071897

DNA biosynthetic process

The cellular DNA metabolic process resulting in the formation of DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long unbranched macromolecule formed from one or two strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides, the 3'-phosphate group of each constituent deoxyribonucleotide being joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage to the 5'-hydroxyl group of the deoxyribose moiety of the next one.

IEA

BP

GO:2000323

negative regulation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway.

IDA

CC

GO:0005634

nucleus

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

IDA|TAS

CC

GO:0005654

nucleoplasm

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

IDA

CC

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

IDA

CC

GO:0005739

mitochondrion

A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.

IDA

CC

GO:0005743

mitochondrial inner membrane

The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae.

IDA|TAS

CC

GO:0005769

early endosome

A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways.

IDA

CC

GO:0005886

plasma membrane

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

IDA

CC

GO:0005887

integral component of plasma membrane

The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

IDA

CC

GO:0009986

cell surface

The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.

IDA

CC

GO:0016020

membrane

A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.

IDA

CC

GO:0043209

myelin sheath

An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system.

IEA

CC

GO:0070062

extracellular exosome

A membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

IDA

MF

GO:0000981

RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription by RNA polymerase II. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex.

IEA

MF

GO:0001850

complement component C3a binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the C3a product of the complement cascade.

IDA

MF

GO:0001851

complement component C3b binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the C3b product of the complement cascade.

IDA

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0008022

protein C-terminus binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein C-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 1-carboxy function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.

IPI

MF

GO:0019899

enzyme binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any enzyme.

IPI

MF

GO:0031871

proteinase activated receptor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a proteinase activated receptor.

IPI

MF

GO:0042826

histone deacetylase binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the enzyme histone deacetylase.

IPI

MF

GO:0044212

transcription regulatory region DNA binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a DNA region that regulates the transcription of a region of DNA, which may be a gene, cistron, or operon. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors.

IDA