BP

GO:0000019

regulation of mitotic recombination

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination during mitosis.

TAS

BP

GO:0000724

double-strand break repair via homologous recombination

The error-free repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the broken DNA molecule is repaired using homologous sequences. A strand in the broken DNA searches for a homologous region in an intact chromosome to serve as the template for DNA synthesis. The restoration of two intact DNA molecules results in the exchange, reciprocal or nonreciprocal, of genetic material between the intact DNA molecule and the broken DNA molecule.

TAS

BP

GO:0000729

DNA double-strand break processing

The 5' to 3' exonucleolytic resection of the DNA at the site of the break to form a 3' single-strand DNA overhang.

TAS

BP

GO:0000731

DNA synthesis involved in DNA repair

Synthesis of DNA that proceeds from the broken 3' single-strand DNA end and uses the homologous intact duplex as the template.

TAS

BP

GO:0000732

strand displacement

The rejection of the broken 3' single-strand DNA molecule that formed heteroduplex DNA with its complement in an intact duplex DNA. The Watson-Crick base pairing in the original duplex is restored. The rejected 3' single-strand DNA molecule reanneals with its original complement to reform two intact duplex molecules.

TAS

BP

GO:0006260

DNA replication

The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA.

TAS

BP

GO:0006281

DNA repair

The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway.

TAS

BP

GO:0006302

double-strand break repair

The repair of double-strand breaks in DNA via homologous and nonhomologous mechanisms to reform a continuous DNA helix.

TAS

BP

GO:0006303

double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining

The repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the two broken ends are rejoined with little or no sequence complementarity. Information at the DNA ends may be lost due to the modification of broken DNA ends. This term covers instances of separate pathways, called classical (or canonical) and alternative nonhomologous end joining (C-NHEJ and A-NHEJ). These in turn may further branch into sub-pathways, but evidence is still unclear.

IDA|TAS

BP

GO:0006310

DNA recombination

Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction.

TAS

BP

GO:0006974

cellular response to DNA damage stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism.

IDA

BP

GO:0007004

telomere maintenance via telomerase

The maintenance of proper telomeric length by the addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase.

TAS

BP

GO:0007062

sister chromatid cohesion

The cell cycle process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome become tethered to each other.

IMP

BP

GO:0007095

mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint

A mitotic cell cycle checkpoint that detects and negatively regulates progression through the G2/M transition of the cell cycle in response to DNA damage.

IEA

BP

GO:0007129

synapsis

The meiotic cell cycle process where side by side pairing and physical juxtaposition of homologous chromosomes is created during meiotic prophase. Synapsis begins when the chromosome arms begin to pair from the clustered telomeres and ends when synaptonemal complex or linear element assembly is complete.

IEA

BP

GO:0007131

reciprocal meiotic recombination

The cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate. This results in the equal exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids in a pair of homologous chromosomes. These reciprocal recombinant products ensure the proper segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I and create genetic diversity.

TAS

BP

GO:0008283

cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.

IEA

BP

GO:0016032

viral process

A multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant. The other participant is the host. Includes infection of a host cell, replication of the viral genome, and assembly of progeny virus particles. In some cases the viral genetic material may integrate into the host genome and only subsequently, under particular circumstances, 'complete' its life cycle.

IEA

BP

GO:0031573

intra-S DNA damage checkpoint

A mitotic cell cycle checkpoint that slows DNA synthesis in response to DNA damage by the prevention of new origin firing and the stabilization of slow replication fork progression.

IBA

BP

GO:0031860

telomeric 3' overhang formation

The formation of the single stranded telomeric 3' overhang, a conserved feature that ranges in length from 12 nt in budding yeast to approximately 500 nt in humans.

IMP

BP

GO:0031954

positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own residues.

IDA

BP

GO:0032206

positive regulation of telomere maintenance

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process that affects and monitors the activity of telomeric proteins and the length of telomeric DNA.

IMP

BP

GO:0032481

positive regulation of type I interferon production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of type I interferon production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.

TAS

BP

GO:0032508

DNA duplex unwinding

The process in which interchain hydrogen bonds between two strands of DNA are broken or 'melted', generating a region of unpaired single strands.

IMP

BP

GO:0032876

negative regulation of DNA endoreduplication

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA endoreduplication.

IMP

BP

GO:0033674

positive regulation of kinase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.

IDA

BP

GO:0043066

negative regulation of apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.

IMP

BP

GO:0090305

nucleic acid phosphodiester bond hydrolysis

The nucleic acid metabolic process in which the phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides are cleaved by hydrolysis.

IEA

BP

GO:0098609

cell-cell adhesion

The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules.

IEA

BP

GO:1901796

regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction by p53 class mediator.

TAS

CC

GO:0000781

chromosome, telomeric region

The terminal region of a linear chromosome that includes the telomeric DNA repeats and associated proteins.

IDA

CC

GO:0000784

nuclear chromosome, telomeric region

The terminal region of a linear nuclear chromosome that includes the telomeric DNA repeats and associated proteins.

IDA|ISS

CC

GO:0005634

nucleus

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

TAS

CC

GO:0005654

nucleoplasm

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

IDA|TAS

CC

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

IDA

CC

GO:0005829

cytosol

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

TAS

CC

GO:0005913

cell-cell adherens junction

An adherens junction which connects a cell to another cell.

IDA

CC

GO:0016605

PML body

A class of nuclear body; they react against SP100 auto-antibodies (PML, promyelocytic leukemia); cells typically contain 10-30 PML bodies per nucleus; alterations in the localization of PML bodies occurs after viral infection.

IDA|ISS

CC

GO:0030870

Mre11 complex

Trimeric protein complex that possesses endonuclease activity; involved in meiotic recombination, DNA repair and checkpoint signaling. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the complex comprises Mre11p, Rad50p, and Xrs2p; complexes identified in other species generally contain proteins orthologous to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins.

IDA|NAS

CC

GO:0035861

site of double-strand break

A region of a chromosome at which a DNA double-strand break has occurred. DNA damage signaling and repair proteins accumulate at the lesion to respond to the damage and repair the DNA to form a continuous DNA helix.

IDA

MF

GO:0000014

single-stranded DNA endodeoxyribonuclease activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within a single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid molecule by creating internal breaks.

IDA

MF

GO:0003677

DNA binding

Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).

IDA

MF

GO:0003690

double-stranded DNA binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded DNA.

TAS

MF

GO:0004003

ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; this reaction drives the unwinding of the DNA helix.

IMP

MF

GO:0004518

nuclease activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids.

TAS

MF

GO:0004520

endodeoxyribonuclease activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid by creating internal breaks.

IDA|TAS

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0008022

protein C-terminus binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein C-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 1-carboxy function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.

IPI

MF

GO:0008408

3'-5' exonuclease activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' end.

IDA

MF

GO:0030145

manganese ion binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with manganese (Mn) ions.

IEA

MF

GO:0098641

cadherin binding involved in cell-cell adhesion

Any cadherin binding that occurs as part of the process of cell-cell adhesion.

IDA