BP

GO:0006629

lipid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids.

TAS

BP

GO:0006805

xenobiotic metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a xenobiotic compound, a compound foreign to living organisms. Used of chemical compounds, e.g. a xenobiotic chemical, such as a pesticide.

TAS

BP

GO:0007165

signal transduction

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

TAS

BP

GO:0010243

response to organonitrogen compound

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organonitrogen stimulus. An organonitrogen compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond.

IEA

BP

GO:0098869

cellular oxidant detoxification

Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity superoxide radicals or hydrogen peroxide.

IEA

BP

GO:1901687

glutathione derivative biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutathione derivative.

TAS

CC

GO:0005635

nuclear envelope

The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space).

IBA

CC

GO:0005783

endoplasmic reticulum

The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).

IBA

CC

GO:0005789

endoplasmic reticulum membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum.

TAS

CC

GO:0016020

membrane

A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.

IDA

CC

GO:0016021

integral component of membrane

The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.

IEA

CC

GO:0031090

organelle membrane

A membrane that is one of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope or the outermost membrane of single membrane bound organelle.

IEA

CC

GO:0043231

intracellular membrane-bounded organelle

Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane.

TAS

CC

GO:0070062

extracellular exosome

A membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

IDA

MF

GO:0004364

glutathione transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: R-X + glutathione = H-X + R-S-glutathione. R may be an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic group; X may be a sulfate, nitrile or halide group.

TAS

MF

GO:0004601

peroxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O.

TAS

MF

GO:0004602

glutathione peroxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 glutathione + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O.

IBA