BP

GO:0000187

activation of MAPK activity

The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase (MAPK).

TAS

BP

GO:0001959

regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cytokine mediated signaling pathway.

IMP

BP

GO:0002224

toll-like receptor signaling pathway

Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response.

TAS

BP

GO:0002755

MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway

Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor where the MyD88 adaptor molecule mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response.

TAS

BP

GO:0006468

protein phosphorylation

The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.

TAS

BP

GO:0007165

signal transduction

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

NAS

BP

GO:0007178

transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway

A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses serine/threonine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.

NAS

BP

GO:0007250

activation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity

The stimulation of the activity of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase through phosphorylation at specific residues.

IDA

BP

GO:0007254

JNK cascade

An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a JNK (a MAPK), a JNKK (a MAPKK) and a JUN3K (a MAP3K). The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.

TAS

BP

GO:0007568

aging

A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700).

IEA

BP

GO:0031663

lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway

A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Lipopolysaccharides are major components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, making them prime targets for recognition by the immune system.

IMP

BP

GO:0032088

negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.

IMP

BP

GO:0032481

positive regulation of type I interferon production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of type I interferon production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.

IMP

BP

GO:0032496

response to lipopolysaccharide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria.

IMP

BP

GO:0034134

toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway

Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to toll-like receptor 2.

IMP

BP

GO:0034142

toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway

Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to toll-like receptor 4.

IBA

BP

GO:0034162

toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway

Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to toll-like receptor 9.

TAS

BP

GO:0034605

cellular response to heat

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.

IEA

BP

GO:0043066

negative regulation of apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.

TAS

BP

GO:0043123

positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.

IMP|TAS

BP

GO:0043406

positive regulation of MAP kinase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase activity.

IBA

BP

GO:0045087

innate immune response

Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.

IEA

BP

GO:0045893

positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

NAS

BP

GO:0046777

protein autophosphorylation

The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues (cis-autophosphorylation), or residues on an identical protein (trans-autophosphorylation).

IDA|NAS

BP

GO:0048661

positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.

IEA

BP

GO:0051092

positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.

IDA|TAS

BP

GO:0051259

protein oligomerization

The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers; protein oligomers may be composed of different or identical monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer.

IMP

BP

GO:0070423

nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing signaling pathway

Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing (NOD) protein.

TAS

BP

GO:0070498

interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway

A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of interleukin-1 to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.

IMP

BP

GO:0070555

response to interleukin-1

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-1 stimulus.

IMP

BP

GO:0071456

cellular response to hypoxia

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.

IEA

CC

GO:0005634

nucleus

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

IBA|IDA

CC

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

IBA|IDA

CC

GO:0005811

lipid particle

An intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle comprising a matrix of coalesced lipids surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer. May include associated proteins.

ISS

CC

GO:0005829

cytosol

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.

TAS

CC

GO:0005886

plasma membrane

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

TAS

CC

GO:0010008

endosome membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome.

TAS

CC

GO:0045323

interleukin-1 receptor complex

A protein complex that binds interleukin-1; comprises an alpha and a beta subunit.

NAS

MF

GO:0004672

protein kinase activity

Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.

IDA|TAS

MF

GO:0004674

protein serine/threonine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.

EXP|NAS|TAS

MF

GO:0004704

NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity

Catalysis of the phosphorylation of the alpha or beta subunit of the inhibitor of kappaB kinase complex (IKK).

TAS

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0005524

ATP binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.

IEA

MF

GO:0016301

kinase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.

IDA

MF

GO:0031072

heat shock protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock.

IEA

MF

GO:0042803

protein homodimerization activity

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.

IPI|NAS

MF

GO:0046982

protein heterodimerization activity

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer.

IPI