BP

GO:0001781

neutrophil apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in a neutrophil, any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.

IDA

BP

GO:0001878

response to yeast

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a yeast species.

IEA

BP

GO:0002384

hepatic immune response

An immune response taking place in the liver.

IDA|TAS

BP

GO:0002446

neutrophil mediated immunity

Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a neutrophil.

TAS

BP

GO:0002548

monocyte chemotaxis

The movement of a monocyte in response to an external stimulus.

IC

BP

GO:0002675

positive regulation of acute inflammatory response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response.

IDA

BP

GO:0002690

positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte chemotaxis.

TAS

BP

GO:0006469

negative regulation of protein kinase activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity.

IEA

BP

GO:0006953

acute-phase response

An acute inflammatory response that involves non-antibody proteins whose concentrations in the plasma increase in response to infection or injury of homeothermic animals.

TAS

BP

GO:0006954

inflammatory response

The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.

IDA

BP

GO:0006959

humoral immune response

An immune response mediated through a body fluid.

IC

BP

GO:0007568

aging

A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700).

IEA

BP

GO:0008284

positive regulation of cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

IDA|IMP

BP

GO:0008285

negative regulation of cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.

IEA

BP

GO:0008360

regulation of cell shape

Any process that modulates the surface configuration of a cell.

IEA

BP

GO:0009408

response to heat

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.

IEA

BP

GO:0009409

response to cold

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism.

IEA

BP

GO:0010574

regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of vascular endothelial growth factor.

IDA

BP

GO:0010628

positive regulation of gene expression

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.

IDA

BP

GO:0010888

negative regulation of lipid storage

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of lipid storage. Lipid storage is the accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of lipids, compounds soluble in organic solvents but insoluble or sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents. Lipid reserves can be accumulated during early developmental stages for mobilization and utilization at later stages of development.

NAS

BP

GO:0010976

positive regulation of neuron projection development

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).

IEA

BP

GO:0010996

response to auditory stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an auditory stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0016049

cell growth

The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present.

IEA

BP

GO:0019221

cytokine-mediated signaling pathway

A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a cytokine to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.

IDA

BP

GO:0030168

platelet activation

A series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue. These events include shape change, adhesiveness, aggregation, and release reactions. When carried through to completion, these events lead to the formation of a stable hemostatic plug.

TAS

BP

GO:0031000

response to caffeine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a caffeine stimulus. Caffeine is an alkaloid found in numerous plant species, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding upon them.

IEA

BP

GO:0031018

endocrine pancreas development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the endocrine pancreas over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The endocrine pancreas is made up of islet cells that produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin.

ISS

BP

GO:0031175

neuron projection development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).

IMP

BP

GO:0031669

cellular response to nutrient levels

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients.

IEA

BP

GO:0032494

response to peptidoglycan

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptidoglycan stimulus. Peptidoglycan is a bacterial cell wall macromolecule.

NAS

BP

GO:0032722

positive regulation of chemokine production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of chemokine production.

IDA|NAS

BP

GO:0032755

positive regulation of interleukin-6 production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production.

IDA

BP

GO:0032868

response to insulin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms.

IEA

BP

GO:0032966

negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals.

IDA

BP

GO:0033138

positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine.

IDA

BP

GO:0033160

positive regulation of protein import into nucleus, translocation

Any process that activates or increases the vectorial transfer of a protein from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane.

IEA

BP

GO:0035729

cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hepatocyte growth factor stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0042102

positive regulation of T cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of T cell proliferation.

IDA

BP

GO:0042493

response to drug

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.

IEA

BP

GO:0042517

positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a Stat3 protein.

IDA

BP

GO:0042593

glucose homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within an organism or cell.

IEA

BP

GO:0042832

defense response to protozoan

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a protozoan that act to protect the cell or organism.

IEA

BP

GO:0043065

positive regulation of apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.

IDA

BP

GO:0043066

negative regulation of apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.

IDA

BP

GO:0043154

negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in the apoptotic process.

IEA

BP

GO:0043200

response to amino acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amino acid stimulus. An amino acid is a carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups.

IEA

BP

GO:0043410

positive regulation of MAPK cascade

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPK cascade.

IDA

BP

GO:0045079

negative regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chemokines.

ISS

BP

GO:0045188

regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of non-rapid eye movement sleep.

IEA

BP

GO:0045429

positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.

IEA

BP

GO:0045454

cell redox homeostasis

Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell.

IEA

BP

GO:0045599

negative regulation of fat cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of adipocyte differentiation.

NAS

BP

GO:0045630

positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 2 cell differentiation.

IEA

BP

GO:0045669

positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation.

TAS

BP

GO:0045721

negative regulation of gluconeogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gluconeogenesis.

IEA

BP

GO:0045727

positive regulation of translation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA.

IDA

BP

GO:0045740

positive regulation of DNA replication

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication.

IEA

BP

GO:0045765

regulation of angiogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of angiogenesis.

IC

BP

GO:0045779

negative regulation of bone resorption

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bone resorption.

ISS

BP

GO:0045837

negative regulation of membrane potential

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.

IEA

BP

GO:0045893

positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

IDA

BP

GO:0045944

positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.

IDA|ISS

BP

GO:0046427

positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway activity.

IDA

BP

GO:0046677

response to antibiotic

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an antibiotic stimulus. An antibiotic is a chemical substance produced by a microorganism which has the capacity to inhibit the growth of or to kill other microorganisms.

IEA

BP

GO:0046716

muscle cell cellular homeostasis

The cellular homeostatic process that preserves a muscle cell in a stable functional or structural state.

IEA

BP

GO:0046849

bone remodeling

The continuous turnover of bone matrix and mineral that involves first, an increase in resorption (osteoclastic activity) and later, reactive bone formation (osteoblastic activity). The process of bone remodeling takes place in the adult skeleton at discrete foci. The process ensures the mechanical integrity of the skeleton throughout life and plays an important role in calcium homeostasis. An imbalance in the regulation of bone resorption and bone formation results in many of the metabolic bone diseases, such as osteoporosis.

IEA

BP

GO:0046888

negative regulation of hormone secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.

IEA

BP

GO:0048635

negative regulation of muscle organ development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle development.

IEA

BP

GO:0048661

positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.

IDA

BP

GO:0050679

positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation.

IEA

BP

GO:0050710

negative regulation of cytokine secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cytokines from a cell.

IEA

BP

GO:0050731

positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine.

IDA

BP

GO:0050829

defense response to Gram-negative bacterium

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a Gram-negative bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism.

TAS

BP

GO:0050830

defense response to Gram-positive bacterium

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a Gram-positive bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism.

TAS

BP

GO:0050871

positive regulation of B cell activation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of B cell activation.

IDA

BP

GO:0051024

positive regulation of immunoglobulin secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of immunoglobulins from a cell.

IDA

BP

GO:0051091

positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.

IDA

BP

GO:0051384

response to glucocorticoid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucocorticoid stimulus. Glucocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol with the ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects.

IDA

BP

GO:0051592

response to calcium ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a calcium ion stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0051602

response to electrical stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electrical stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0051607

defense response to virus

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a virus that act to protect the cell or organism.

IDA

BP

GO:0051897

positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase B signaling, a series of reactions mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B.

IEA

BP

GO:0051971

positive regulation of transmission of nerve impulse

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transmission of a nerve impulse, the sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a neuron in response to stimulation.

IEA

BP

GO:0060445

branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis

The process in which the branching structure of the salivary gland is generated and organized.

IEA

BP

GO:0060664

epithelial cell proliferation involved in salivary gland morphogenesis

The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells of the submandibular salivary gland, resulting in the expansion of a cell population and the shaping of the gland.

IEA

BP

GO:0070091

glucagon secretion

The regulated release of glucagon from secretory granules in the A (alpha) cells of the pancreas (islets of Langerhans).

ISS

BP

GO:0070102

interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway

A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of interleukin-6 to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.

IDA

BP

GO:0070301

cellular response to hydrogen peroxide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulus.

IDA

BP

GO:0070374

positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade.

IEA

BP

GO:0071222

cellular response to lipopolysaccharide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria.

IMP

BP

GO:0071347

cellular response to interleukin-1

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-1 stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0071356

cellular response to tumor necrosis factor

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tumor necrosis factor stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0071392

cellular response to estradiol stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.

IEA

BP

GO:0071549

cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dexamethasone stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0071864

positive regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow

A process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in the bone marrow.

IEA

BP

GO:0072540

T-helper 17 cell lineage commitment

The process in which a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell becomes committed to becoming a T-helper 17 cell, a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype RORgamma-t-positive that produces IL-17.

ISS

BP

GO:1901215

negative regulation of neuron death

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron death.

IEA

BP

GO:1990646

cellular response to prolactin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prolactin stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:2000366

positive regulation of STAT protein import into nucleus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of STAT protein import into nucleus.

IC

BP

GO:2000553

positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production.

ISS

BP

GO:2000660

negative regulation of interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway.

ISS

BP

GO:2000676

positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process.

TAS

CC

GO:0005576

extracellular region

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

TAS

CC

GO:0005615

extracellular space

That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

IDA

CC

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

IEA

CC

GO:0005896

interleukin-6 receptor complex

A hexameric protein complex consisting of two molecules each of interleukin-6, interleukin-6 receptor alpha chain, and gp-130.

IDA

CC

GO:0009897

external side of plasma membrane

The leaflet of the plasma membrane that faces away from the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface.

IEA

MF

GO:0005125

cytokine activity

Functions to control the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells.

IDA|ISS|NAS

MF

GO:0005138

interleukin-6 receptor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-6 receptor.

IPI|NAS

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0008083

growth factor activity

The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation.

IDA