BP

GO:0001558

regulation of cell growth

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.

IEA

BP

GO:0007165

signal transduction

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

IEA

BP

GO:0007565

female pregnancy

The set of physiological processes that allow an embryo or foetus to develop within the body of a female animal. It covers the time from fertilization of a female ovum by a male spermatozoon until birth.

IEA

BP

GO:0007568

aging

A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700).

IEA

BP

GO:0007584

response to nutrient

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0009612

response to mechanical stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0010226

response to lithium ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lithium (Li+) ion stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0032355

response to estradiol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.

IEA

BP

GO:0032526

response to retinoic acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a retinoic acid stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0032870

cellular response to hormone stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus.

IEA

BP

GO:0042104

positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of activated T cell proliferation.

IDA

BP

GO:0042493

response to drug

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.

IEA

BP

GO:0043567

regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling.

IBA|IC|ISS

BP

GO:0043627

response to estrogen

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by an estrogen, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics.

IEA

BP

GO:0044267

cellular protein metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification.

TAS

BP

GO:0051384

response to glucocorticoid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucocorticoid stimulus. Glucocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol with the ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects.

IEA

BP

GO:0090090

negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.

TAS

CC

GO:0005576

extracellular region

The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

ISS|TAS

CC

GO:0005615

extracellular space

That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

IDA

CC

GO:0016324

apical plasma membrane

The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell.

IEA

CC

GO:0031410

cytoplasmic vesicle

A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell.

IEA

CC

GO:0070062

extracellular exosome

A membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.

IDA

MF

GO:0005102

receptor binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.

TAS

MF

GO:0031994

insulin-like growth factor I binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with insulin-like growth factor I.

IDA

MF

GO:0031995

insulin-like growth factor II binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with insulin-like growth factor II.

IBA|ISS