BP

GO:0006351

transcription, DNA-templated

The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA.

TAS

BP

GO:0006355

regulation of transcription, DNA-templated

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.

IDA

BP

GO:0006366

transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter. Includes transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) and certain small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs).

TAS

BP

GO:0006367

transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription.

TAS

BP

GO:0006915

apoptotic process

A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.

IEA

BP

GO:0007059

chromosome segregation

The process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. In eukaryotes, chromosome segregation begins with the condensation of chromosomes, includes chromosome separation, and ends when chromosomes have completed movement to the spindle poles.

IEA

BP

GO:0007067

mitotic nuclear division

A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides; the process involves condensation of chromosomal DNA into a highly compacted form. Canonically, mitosis produces two daughter nuclei whose chromosome complement is identical to that of the mother cell.

IEA

BP

GO:0007165

signal transduction

The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.

TAS

BP

GO:0016569

chromatin modification

The alteration of DNA or protein in chromatin by the covalent addition or removal of chemical groups.

IEA

BP

GO:0042921

glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway

Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a glucocorticoid binding to its receptor.

IEA

BP

GO:0043402

glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway

A series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of a glucocorticoid hormone.

IEA

BP

GO:0045944

positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.

IDA

BP

GO:0051301

cell division

The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells.

IEA

BP

GO:0071383

cellular response to steroid hormone stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a steroid hormone stimulus.

IDA

CC

GO:0005634

nucleus

A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

IDA

CC

GO:0005654

nucleoplasm

That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.

IDA|TAS

CC

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

IDA

CC

GO:0005759

mitochondrial matrix

The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation.

TAS

CC

GO:0005815

microtubule organizing center

An intracellular structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides.

IEA

CC

GO:0005819

spindle

The array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during mitosis or meiosis and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart.

IEA

CC

GO:0043234

protein complex

A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical.

IPI

MF

GO:0000978

RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in cis with and relatively close to a core promoter for RNA polymerase II.

IDA

MF

GO:0001077

transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in cis with and relatively close to a core promoter for RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) in order to activate or increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from the RNAP II promoter.

IDA

MF

GO:0003700

transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex.

IDA

MF

GO:0003723

RNA binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof.

IEA

MF

GO:0004883

glucocorticoid receptor activity

Combining with a glucocorticoid and transmitting the signal within the cell trigger a change in cell activity or function.

TAS

MF

GO:0005496

steroid binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a steroid, any of a large group of substances that have in common a ring system based on 1,2-cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene.

IDA

MF

GO:0005515

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0008270

zinc ion binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions.

IEA

MF

GO:0032403

protein complex binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

IPI

MF

GO:0038051

glucocorticoid-activated RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding transcription factor activity

Combining with a glucocorticoid and transmitting the signal to the transcriptional machinery by interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription factor, which may be a single protein or a complex, in order to modulate transcription. For example, glucocorticoid-bound receptors can bind to transcription factor complexes to regulate transcription of genes whose promoters do not contain glucocorticoid response elements.

IDA

MF

GO:1990239

steroid hormone binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a steroid hormone.

IDA